Only recently is research merging demand and supply approaches in explaining tourist market equilibria. This paper innovates in three ways. One: we jointly consider demand and supply explanatory variables and spillover effects originating from contiguous areas by designing a unilateral gravity model augmented with spatial effects (spatial Durbin model). Two: we raise the economic profile by prioritizing an expenditure variable over flow variables (arrivals, overnight stays, length of stay) and taking into account travel costs (via the origin-destination distance).Three: we differentiate spatial contexts by focusing on international tourist origins and on local (NUTS3) destinations. Results confirm previous literature only in part.

POMPILI T. (1994) Structure and performance of less developed regions in the EC, Reg. Studies 28, 679-693. This paper aims at contributing to the identification of post-Internal Market development prospects and policy options of a group of less advanced regions in the European Community, the so-called 'Objective 1' (low-income) regions. After introducing the appropriate conceptual framework and presenting the data and methodology, the first goal is to construct a taxonomy highlighting structural differences among E C Objective 1 regions, in terms of resource endowments, and hence of potential comparative advantages. The second goal is to evaluate, against this structural taxonomy, the 1980s performance of these regions relative to other Community regions, in order to draw broad policy conclusions. Both quantitative and qualitative 1981 data concerning industrial structure, manufacturing entrepreneurship, human capital, accessibility and infrastructure, external diseconomies and data on regional per capita income performance in the 1980s are employed in cluster and discriminant analyses. Less developed regionsStructural characteristics Economic performance European cohesion policy Multivariate statistics POMPILI T. (1994) La structure et la performance des rCgions dtfavoristes au sein de la CE, Reg. Sfcrdier 28, 679-693. Cet article cherche B contribuer B la ddimitation des perspectives d'avenir et des choix de politique d'un groupe de rtgions difavoristes i l'int6rieur de la CE, lesdites rtgions i faible revenu de I'Objectif 1, suite i l'ouverture du march6 unique. Une fois prCsent6 le cadre conceptuel, les donntes et la mtthodologie il s'agit de construire une taxonomie qui permet la mise en lumii.re des difftrences structurelles des rtgions de I'Objectif 1 en fonctiori de la dotation de ressources et, par la suite, de la possibilitt des avantages comparatifs. Vu cette taxonomie structurelle, il s'ensuit une Cvaluation de la performance de ces rigions aux annCes 80 par rapport aux autres rtgions de la C E afin d'en tirer des conclusions gCn6rales pour la politique. O n utilise i la fois des donntes quantitatives et qualitatives pour l'annte 1981 relatives i la structure industrielle, i l'esprit d'entreprise dam la fabrication, au capital huniain, B l'accessibilitt et B I'equipement, aux dbkconomies externes, et des donnCes sur le revenu rtgional par t h e aux anntes 80 i partir des analyses par grappes et discriminante.

The presence of and accessibility to information, mainly created inside competence and power circuits, and the presence of infrastructure to circulate it within and between areas, as exemplified by the endowment of human capital activating them, shape the structure and evolution of the urban system. Four specific hypotheses articulate this statement and are by and large supported by empirical analysis. The data base contains census data (1961, 1971, 1981) on Italian provinces referring to professional skills, employment in innovative industries and employment by control status. A cluster analysis is performed on skills data. The general result of the analysis on human capital satisfies the expectations. Moreover, the distribution and dynamics of human capital explain both the generally backward position of the South and the differences in production structure and functional control within the rest of Italy.

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Tema del lavoro č la valutazione economica strategica (ex-ante) di investimenti pubblici, sotto forma di progetti di investimento o di piani/programmi complessi. Obiettivo del lavoro č valutare l'affidabilitŕ normativa degli esiti dei metodi multi-obiettivi rispetto all'analisi costi-benefici. La metodologia consiste nell'applicare al caso dello sviluppo di reti infrastrutturali di trasporto un metodo multi-obiettivi (sei) e multi-criteri (trentadue), il metodo VIT (Valutazione di Impatto Territoriale). Sono elementi originali: la sostituzione della rilevazione quantitativa degli impatti attesi con una tecnica di tipo Delphi, la tecnica di quantificazione dei giudizi, il calcolo degli esiti in base a differenti ipotesi di preferenze della popolazione, la modalitŕ di raffronto fra benefici e costi. Il principale risultato č la capacitŕ del metodo di fornire un ordinamento di differenti alternative (sette) trasparente e robusto rispetto a diverse strutture di preferenze della popolazione. Il caso specifico riguarda il cosiddetto Corridoio del Brennero.