Recent developments in silicon based optoelectronics relevant to fiber optical communication are reviewed. Siliconon-insulator photonic integrated circuits represent a powerful platform that is truly compatible with standard CMOS processing. Progress in epitaxial growth of silicon alloys has created the potential for silicon based devices with tailored optical response in the near infrared. The deep submicrometer CMOS process can produce gigabits-per-second low-noise lightwave electronics. These trends combined with economical incentives will ensure that silicon-based optoelectronics will be a player in future fiber optical networks and systems.

The Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) being constructed at Michigan State University [J. Wei et al., The FRIB superconducting linac-status and plans, LINAC'16, Lansing, MI, p. 1, http://accelconf .web.cern.ch/AccelConf/linac2016/papers/mo1a01.pdf] is based on a cw superconducting linear accelerator which is designed to deliver unprecedented 400 kW heavy ion beam power to the fragmentation target. The installation of the accelerator equipment is approaching completion and multistage beam commissioning activities started in the summer of 2017 with expected completion in 2021. A roomtemperature test electron cyclotron resonance ion source, ARTEMIS, provided argon and krypton beams for the commissioning of the low energy beam transport, a radio frequency quadrupole (RFQ), the medium energy beam transport (MEBT) and the first three accelerating cryomodules. The commissioning of the first linac segment (LS1), composed of 15 cryomodules, is planned in the spring of 2019. This paper describes the first results of experimental beam dynamics studies in the LEBT, RFQ, MEBT and the first three cryomodules with comparison to the numerical simulations.

The fluctuation of the emission current from carbon nanotube field emitter arrays (CNT FEAs) grown on silicon emitters was investigated as a function of total emission current and ambient pressure. The ratio of amplitude of short-term fluctuation ΔI and average emission current Iave strongly depended on Iave. The relationship ΔI/Iave∝Iave−1/2 was found. This relationship showed that the average emission current Iave is proportional to the number of active carbon nanotube emitters. The effect of vacuum pressure on the emission properties was examined by adjusting the pumping speed of the turbomolecular pump. The emission current at fixed voltage was affected by the adsorption of gas species and amounts.

The volume-averaged electron tempcrature ( T , ) dependence of lower hybrid current drivc efficiency is investigated by a newly-dcueloped numerical simulation code in the framcwurk o f a ray-tracing code and B onc-dimensional relativistic Fokker-Planck cillculation. As a result of numerical simulations, the current drive efficicncy increases with ( T J and the dependence can be explained by the large shirt of the narallel refractive index in the l~w -t~m~e r a t u r c ieeion ( ( T . ) G 10 kcW and bv the relativistic e l k t in

The mixing process is a crucially important stage in the operation of biological and chemical microfluidic devices. If the mixing is inadequate, reactants do not fully interact with each other, and the device may not operate properly. This paper describes a simplified microfluidic mixer (different from a chaotic mixer) which can uniformly mix a buffer solution with living cells by applying an AC electric charge. Diffusion of the living cells into the buffer solution occurs rapidly following the interface of the flow stream with the electric charge; no further agitating step is needed. To accomplish this, an asymmetric pair of electrodes was integrated at the inlets of the buffer solution and the cells fluid. When the buffer solution and the cells fluid were introduced into one flow path, they remained limited to that flow stream. When the electrodes were charged, however, the cells in a short distance were efficiently moved into the solution flow, and the original fluids were mixed. The mixing efficiency depends on the polarizability of the cells, and this in turn is governed by the dielectric properties of the cells, the medium, and the solvent. This micro device, capable of efficiently mixing living cells with a buffer solution, may potentially allow biological mixing to be done outside of hospitals, in facilities without biological analyzing instruments. #