The structural and electrical properties of an electron-beam (EB)-irradiated C60 film have been examined at room temperature, using in situ infrared (IR) spectroscopy and ex situ four-probe measurements. IR results show that the irradiated film is neither graphite nor carbon nanotube-like but a peanut-shaped C60 polymer. Current–voltage curve shows that the polymer exhibits a metallic property with a drastically reduced resistivity of 7 Ω cm in comparison with 108–1014 Ω cm for solid C60. This indicates the possibility of applying C60 molecules in EB nanofabrication processes and large potential for developing carbon-based nanodevices.

Structural property of a C$_{60}$-peapod sample under high pressure up to 25 GPa was investigated by in-situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction measurements with a diamond anvil cell. It was observed that C$_{60}$-C$_{60}$ distance in a carbon nanotube decreases with pressure from 0.956 nm at 0.1 MPa down to 0.845 nm at 25 GPa. It was also found that the distance value on complete release of pressure after compression remained to be much smaller than the its initial value. These experimental results indicate the polymerization of C$_{60}$ molecules in a carbon nanotube. * The Manuscript Click here to download The Manuscript: kawasaki.tex also found that the distance value on complete release of pressure after compression remained to be much smaller than the its initial value. These experimental results indicate the polymerization of C 60 molecules in a carbon nanotube.

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We have investigated the synergistic effect of a combination of various impurity gases and hydrogen gas on plasma detachment of high temperature plasma, equivalent to scrape-off layer plasma of tokamaks in the GAMMA 10/PDX end region, utilizing an open magnetic field configuration. A small puff of an impurity gas (N 2 , Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe) in combination with a puff of H 2 gas is examined to evaluate their synergistic effect on the formation of detached plasma; the following results are obtained. (i) A combination of N 2 and H 2 puffs showed a clear decrease of electron density and ion flux; (ii) N 2 and H 2 puffs form a strong density gradient along the axial direction; and (iii) other noble impurity gases showed an insufficient synergistic effect. The new results indicate the possibility of achieving a reliable divertor operation scheme and the importance of a deeper understanding of the H 2 and N 2 assisted recombination process.