A virus (designated the Shintoku strain) which was morphologically indistinguishable from group A rotaviruses was detected in the feces of adult cows with diarrhea in Japan. The virus contained 11 segments of double-stranded RNA and had an electrophoretic migration pattern in polyacrylamide gels similar to that of other group C rotaviruses (4-3-2-2). Feces containing the bovine virus reacted with antiserum to porcine group C rotavirus (Cowden strain) but not group A or B rotaviruses in immunoelectron microscopy. The virus was adapted to serial propagation in roller tube cultures of a rhesus monkey kidney cell line (MA104) by using high concentrations of trypsin. Evidence for viral replication in MA104 cell cultures was demonstrated by immunoelectron microscopy and indirect immunofluorescence by using antiserum to porcine group C rotavirus and by electrophoretic analysis of extracted viral double-stranded RNA. A significant antibody response against the isolate was detected in convalescent-phase sera of cows which excreted the virus: no increased antibody response to bovine group A rotavirus was observed. To our knowledge, this is the first isolation of a group C rotavirus from cattle.

Adenovirus (Ad) contains linear double-stranded DNA with a molecular weight of 20-30 X 10 6 daltons (8). Its DNA molecule covalently binds to the terminal proteins at the 5' termini (1,9,(11)(12)(13). The methods of purification of Ad DNA have been well established (2, 6, 10), but since these methods require virion purification, they are not so convenient for preparation of DNA from many different samples or small scale preparation of non-labeled DNA. Horwitz (1976) extracted Ad DNA from many different samples of infected cells by the modified Hirt method (3) and purified the DNA by sucrose gradient centrifugation.In this paper, we describe a rapid and simple method of purifying Ad DNA directly from infected cells without ultracentrifugation. This is based on the unique nature of Ad DNA that its 5' termini are linked covalently to the terminal proteins, so that the viral DNA-terminal protein complex extracted from infected cells by the Hirt method (3) is simply separated from RNA and fragmented cell DNA by phenol extraction, and the viral DNA is isolated from the interphase of the phenol extraction by ethanol precipitation and protease digestion followed by phenol extraction. We also applied this method for the preparation of poliovirus RNA, in which the 5' terminal is linked to a protein (16) from infected cells.Tront strain of canine Ad type 2(CAd2) obtained from Dr. S. Konishi, Tokyo University, was grown on a monolayer culture of canine kidney cell line MDCK maintained in Eagle's minimum essential medium supplemented with I % calf serum.The following procedure was designed to obtain 5 to 10 flg of viral DNA which were sufficient for a few trials concerning restriction endonuclease analysis. The cell cultures were prepared in 55 X 105 mm bottles with a culture area of 38 cm 2. The cells were infected with CAd2 at 5 to 10 TCID so per cell. When most cells showed cytopathic effects (usually 35 to 40 hr after infection), the culture medium was removed, and the cells were lysed with 2 ml of 1% SDS, 10 mM Tris-HCl and 10 mM EDTA, pH 7.5, at room temperature for 10 min. The viscous lysate was transferred to a plastic centrifuge tube and incubated at 37 C for 5 min during which the tube was gently inverted 20 times. Most of cellular DNA was removed 817

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The application of aspherical surfaces in camera lens started over twenty years ago. Many people suggested and executed many ideas regarding the application of aspherical surfaces. One of the ideas is that the application decreases the value of the F No. The example of the applications is a pick-up-lens that picks up information on a disk using the optical method. In this paper, we discuss the application of aspherical surfaces in wide angle lenses with a large back focus for reflex cameras. The application mainly corrects distortion in the lens designs. An object of the present paper is to show an inverse telescopic wide angle lens capable of simplifying the lens configuration thereby reducing the dimension of lens, correcting various aberrations in satisfactory manner, and still extending the back focus.