Cassava (Manihot esculenta) Peels supplementation in feed was evaluated on quality and quantity of dairy cattle production. Cassava peels were waste product of tapioca flour industry. A total of 26 lactation dairy cattle breed Friesian Holstein cross breed maintained at individual cage at farm on Kawi Mountain, Malang, East Java. It was randomly allotted to treatment and control group (13 head of cattle in each group). Treatment group were fed with cassava peels base dietary, whereas control group were fed by grass and commercial ration dietary. After a month, the quality and quantity of milk were recorded daily for a month and analyzed on automatic milk analyzer. The result showed significant changes (p<0.05) on treatment group were shown on percentage of protein (2.87%), lactose (4.40%), solid nonfat (8.49%), and total solid (12.23%). This quality of milk only needed cost of 1.15 €/head/day compared with control group which needed 2.02 €/head/day. These results indicated that cassava peels in feed can produce higher total solid and protein level of milk than control group. They also have high potential as a feed source to cut production cost; therefore, the farmer income increased slightly.

Considering the importance of a healthy uterus to the success of breeding, the beneficial effects of lactic acid bacteria on animal reproduction function are of particular interest. In recent decades, infertility has become a widespread issue, with microbiological variables playing a significant role. According to reports, dysbiosis of the vaginal microbiota is connected with infertility; however, the effect of the normal vaginal microbiota on infertility is unknown. In addition, lactic acid bacteria dominate the reproductive system. According to evidence, vaginal lactic acid bacteria play a crucial role in limiting the invasion of pathogenic bacteria by triggering anti-inflammatory chemicals through IL-8, IL-1, and IL-6; immunological responses through inhibition of the adherence of other microorganisms, production of inhibiting substances, and stimulation of mucus production; and also reproductive hormones by increased testosterone hormone release, enhanced the levels of luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, the amount of prostaglandin E (2), and prostaglandin F2 alpha. The objective of this study was to compare the advantages of lactic acid bacteria in animal reproduction based on the most recent literature. The administration of a single strain or numerous strains of lactic acid bacteria has a favourable impact on steroidogenesis, gametogenesis, and animal fertility.

The purpose of this study was to identify the type of gastrointestinal worms egg of Spotted Deer (Axis axis) and Bawean Deer (Axis kuhlii) at Wonorejo Bibit Park and Surabaya Floral Park. The research was conducted in October-December 2017 used total 50 specimen of sample faeces, 40 sample faeces from Surabaya Flora Park and 10 sample faeces from Wonorejo Bibit Park, the samples analyzed at the Department of Parasitology Veterinary, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Airlangga University. The results showed that the degree of helmint gastrointestinal in Bawean Deer and Spoted Deer at Wonorejo Bibit Park showed 0% while at the Surabaya Flora Park is 15%. The type of worm found were Trematoda class it was Fasciola sp. The resuls of the analysis used Chi-Square test and showed no significantly differences degree of gastrointestinal helminth infection (p>0.05) .

Background: Subdistrict Parengan has high livestock potential especially Suciharjo Village and Margorejo Village. The existing agricultural waste is not treated properly and livestock cannot reach maximum weights. The provision of quality animal feed is one of the efforts to improve the welfare of the community. Quality of animal feed can be increasing cattle productivity so that the selling value will increase. Purpose: This Community Service activity aims to improve the economic strengthening of the community through breeders through the introduction, dissemination, through technology UMB Herbal based on local resources that can increase the weight gain of beef cattle. UMB Herbal is a concentrate feed that uses raw materials based on raw materials (agriculture) with curcuma which is widely available in the regions. Improving skills makes UMB Herbal can be a provision for the community to be able to increase income. Methods: The method used in community service is the counseling for animal feed and health, training to make UMB Herbal and focus group discussions then applicating of UMB Herbal to pilot cattle. Results: The results of this community service include an increase in beef cattle body weight,  decreasing the gastrointestinal worm infestations, and increasing the knowledge and skills of the participants of the community service. Conclusion: Community Service Activities have a positive impact related to the development of beef cattle farms.

Background -Physiological skin pH levels are well-documented in human medicine, and assessment of variations may be important in assessing the efficacy of wound healing. By contrast, physiological skin pH levels in dogs are sparsely described.Hypothesis/Objectives -To determine the pH of intact skin in healthy dogs and to study the influence of different physiological factors on the pH level of canine skin.Animals -Seventy-seven client-owned dogs of various breeds, age and sex.Methods and materials -A prospective study was designed and the pH of intact skin was measured at the concave surface of both pinnae, and in both axillary and inguinal regions. For each location, the colour and density of the hairs also was recorded. Each dog's rectal body temperature and body condition scores also were determined.Results -The skin pH in dogs <12 weeks of age was significantly lower (3.97-5.70) than in older dogs (4.40-8.18) (P < 0.001). In dogs >12 weeks of age, skin pH was significantly lower in the inguinal regions compared to the pinnae (P = 0.008), and female dogs had a significantly lower skin pH in the inguinal regions than male dogs (P = 0.043). Pinnae covered with light-coloured hair had a lower skin pH than those with dark-coloured hair (P = 0.04). No significant differences were found between dogs with different body condition scores, body temperatures or differences in hair density.Conclusions and clinical relevance -The pH of intact healthy skin is lower in puppies of <12 weeks of age. Regional differences of body location also were seen which were variably affected by hair colour and sex. A baseline assessment of skin pH in healthy dogs is important for future studies of disease and wound healing. Methods and materials AnimalsThe study was approved by the local ethical committee (EC 2019-27) and client-owned dogs presented for routine surgeries or puppies