Paracoccus marginatus Williams & Granara de Willink (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) merupakan hama penting pada tanaman pepaya. Salah satu kendala dalam pengendalian hama ini adalah adanya lapisan lilin yang menutupi tubuh serangga sehingga pengendalian dengan insektisida kurang efektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui keefektifan ekstrak Piper retrofractum (Pr), Anonna squamosa (As), dan Tephrosia vogelii (Tv) serta campurannya untuk mengendalikan P. marginatus. Setiap ekstrak diuji terhadap imago betina P. marginatus dengan metode semprot serangga pada daun dan setiap perlakuan diamati mortalitasnya pada 24, 48, dan 72 jam setelah perlakuan (JSP). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada taraf LC95 - 72 JSP, ekstrak Tv dan As 3 kali lebih efektif dibandingkan dengan Pr terhadap imago P. marginatus. Konsentrasi ekstrak tunggal yang efektif untuk mematikan sekitar 95% populasi P. marginatus (LC95) adalah 1,250% (Tv), 1,482% (Pr), dan 0,469% (As). Campuran ekstrak Tv + As (2 : 1 w/w) dan As + Pr (2 : 1 w/w) sekitar 1,67 kali lebih efektif terhadap imago P. marginatus daripada campuran ekstrak Tv + Pr (2 : 1 w/w). Berdasarkan indeks kombinasi pada pengamatan 72 JSP, campuran ekstrak Tv + As dan Tv + Pr bersifat sinergistik lemah, sedangkan campuran ekstrak As + Pr bersifat aditif. Selain menimbulkan kematian, perlakuan dengan menggunakan semua ekstrak uji juga mengganggu proses pembentukan lilin yang menutupi telur (kantung telur). Dengan demikian, ekstrak Pr, As, dan Tv, serta campurannya pada perbandingan tertentu berpotensi untuk digunakan sebagai salah satu alternatif dalam pengendalian hama P. marginatus karena memiliki toksisitas dan sifat campuran yang cukup baik.

BIODIVERS is a bi-annual publication that focuses on the Restoration and Conservation of Unique and Degraded Ecosystems, Sustainable of Management and Proper Utilization of Biodiversity, Bioenergy, Biotechnology to Support Food Security and on Strengthening Ecosystem Resilience in Facing Global Climate Change. This magazine also envisions becoming a popular scientific magazine for promoting and publishing research findings of scientists from SEAMEO BIOTROP and overseas. The articles will come from writers worldwide. This issue of BIODIVERS contains various articles addressed the issue on climate change and coastal resilience, including: Coastal and Marine Initiative to Climate Change: An Outlook Environment Vulnerability Decision Technology (EVDT): Mangrove Management Spatial Planning Based Ecosystem Adaptations in Indonesia GOI Initiatives Against Potential Risk of Climate Change Impact in Indonesia Extreme Climates in Coastal Cities Marine and Coastal Monitoring: Nanosatellites Technology

Indonesia has seen an increase and widespread reports of resistance among stored-product insect pests to phosphine. The use of Syzigium aromaticum (clove oil) as an alternative fumigant may be a useful strategy to control infestation by phosphine-resistant varieties of stored-product insects. The objective of this study was to examine the effectiveness of whole (unfractionated) clove oil as well as its component fractions as a fumigant and repellent against the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum (Herbst)), and to develop a simple fumigant formulation for this purpose. The experimental design used to test the effectiveness of clove oil and its fractionation was a completely randomized design (CRD). Meanwhile, testing the effectiveness of tablet formulations was carried out by factorial CRD. Fumigation test results gave LD50 and LD95 values of 0.234 and 1.142 ml/l respectively, for crude clove oil used in a fumigation chamber against T. castaneum. An n-hexane fraction of clove oil tested under the same conditions was more lethal, causing 95% mortality of T. castaneum at the dose of 0.801 ml/l during fumigation. Finally, tablets containing a set proportion of clove oil and naphthalene (1:1) reached LD91 against T. castaneum after 7 days’ fumigation.

Abstract. Harahap IS, Asnan TAW, Widayanti S, Widhiastuti H. 2022. Diversity and composition of ant species in different urban areas in Bogor, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 4090-4096. Land use change, from natural to urban areas, is a threat to biodiversity because the disturbance created by human can destroy the habitat and decrease species richness. Ant is one of the most abundant animals in tropical habitats and most intrusive in an urban area. This research aims to determine the types of ants commonly found in various urban ecosystems in Bogor, West Java, Indonesia. Ant observation and sampling were carried out in Bogor City Areas at four different urban ecosystems, i.e., office area, shopping mall, housing area, and bus station. At each sampling location, ten observation plots were taken under different environmental conditions. Sampling was carried out for 6 months, from April to October 2021 with the direct collection and trapping method. The sample was then carried out to the laboratory for identification and data analysis process. The results of the species inventory obtained 7532 individuals and 28 species from 4 subfamilies, namely Dolichoderinae, Formicinae, Myrmicinae, and Ponerinae. The diversity of ant species at each location showed that the ant species in the bus station were not significantly different from the mall area. However, the diversity of ant species in three locations, namely bus stations, malls, and housing estates, showed significant differences with the diversity of ant species in office habitats. Anoplolepis gracilipes which is an invasive tramp species, is one type of ant found in all sampling locations with a relatively high abundance.

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