In the internet era, a hoax is a real threat for democracy, as it spreads misleading and fake information that creats uncertain political communication. During the 2014 Indonesian presidential election, a hoax was rapidly spreading thorough social media. Morover, in Indonesian political context, a hoax construct strategically by using primordialism issue. This study uses critical discourse analysis to identify a pattern of hoax during the 2014 Indonesian presidential election, particularly to show how primordialism constructs an unequel society. The data was taken from political discussion among 8 influential Twitter accounts, two months before the election. The study found that 1) A hoax was produced by using many techniques; 2) Mainstream ‘online media’ involved in the production of the hoax, particularly by constructing sensational headline. Meanwhile, fake news commonly produced and distributed by pseudonym Twitter accounts; 3) Both hoax and fake news generally run under a mechanism of primordialism issue.

Abstract. In May-June 2016 issue of the rise of the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI) and the latent danger of communism appeared again. Excessive fear of PKI and communism continues propagated. That is what is referred to as a communist phobia. But, the issue is considered sensitive that it gave birth to criticism. The phenomenon is the presence of a number of memes comics whose contents laugh hammer and sickle symbol and three communist iconic figures, namely D.N. Aidit, Tan Malaka, and Mao Zedong. Meme comics containing parody to show incongruities that can only happen to the era of digital reproduction. The idea of meme comics can be traced to the thought Walter Benjamin about the works of art in the age of mechanical reproduction. In that era, aura was declining. The crisis and the disappearance of aura increasingly occurs to the time of digital reproduction.

The purposes of religion ritual are embodying conscience collective in society to gain sacred values. But,  ronically, in consumer society the religion ritual has been transformed to be means for excessive shopping on hysteria stage. More dramatically, television stations as motors of the culture industry to present religion spectacles use this momentum. It means that television pretends to celebrate the ritual, but in fact television only makes the largest profits.

The mass media construct discourses with major impact on the formation of public opinion. This study identifies mass media discourse of the Job Creation Law produced in the 22 television dialogue programs aired by TV One, Metro TV, Kompas TV, and CNN Indonesia. By focusing on indicators of discourses, sources, and duration of speakings this study finds the dominant discourse of positive sentiment towards the Job Creation Law – which is mainly brought by the government elite and businessmen – namely economic improvement and investment. In contrary, television program shaped negatif sentiment of the Law in narrower space – which was brought mainly by activists, academics and laborers – including the Job Creation Law disserve labours, endangers the environment and sighned in unprocerudal mecanism. The data shows that the television dialogue has provide more space for the elite than the public in discussing the controversial issue of the Job Creation Law.

Celebs-gram or celebrities on Instagram try to show a new identity by showing their daily life through their social media. Unfortunately, many female celebrities receive insinuation and hate speech from netizens in their posts. This cannot be separated from the women stigma regarding to their assessment to them through religion, social, and the value of politeness in society. One of them is the @rachelven account. Her decision to open the veil has made this celeb-gram close the comment column to be limited to his followers. This research is a descriptive textual study using a narrative approach. Narrative in this context refers to updated status on Instagram. Narratives are understood as "small stories" that capture the whole variety of narrative activities that are not represented in the big or canonical narratives. The results of this study indicate that hate speech against female celebrities means that those celebs-gram receive negative judgments and comments from netizens by using religious statements and social norms. The netizens provide comments by quoting verses from the scriptures, giving bad labels, and giving judgments for the celeb-gram's attitudes.