Prostate cancer is caused by uncontrolled growth of cells in the prostate gland. The aim of this study was to determine the cytotoxic activity of titanium dioxide (TiO 2) and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) and TiO 2 + ZnO nanocomposite (NC) in human prostate cancer cell line (DU-145) and healthy mouse fibroblast cell line (L-929). In the study, TiO 2 and ZnO NPs and TiO 2 + ZnO NC were synthesized. Cytotoxic activities of NC and NPs was then analyzed in human prostate cancer cell line (DU-145) and healthy mouse fibroblast cell lines (L-929) using the MTT method. TiO 2 , ZnO and TiO 2 + ZnO IC 50 values were determined in DU-145 and L-929 cell cells (n = 6). TiO2 + ZnO NC in the Du-145 cell line was found as the most active, having statistically significant (***p < 0.0001, **p ˂ 0.001 and **p ˂ 0.01).

Gastric cancer is a multifunctional disease. Emotional stress, physiological and neuroendocrine changes in cancer patients can lead to the activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the release of hormone dependent hormones such as catecholamine. In particular, it has been reported that catecholamine induction directly affects the biological behavior of tumor cells via β2-Adrenergic receptor (β2-AR) mediated signaling. In this study, it was aimed to investigate polymorphism of β2-AR gene (rs1042717) in gastric cancer patients. Method: Polymorphism in the β2-AR gene (rs1042717) was determined by Real-Time PCR method in 60 gastric cancer patients and 50 healthy controls. The results were evaluated using logistic regression and Chi-square (χ2) test. Results: The comparison of gastric cancer patients and controls determined a statistically significant relationship for alcoholic drink consumption (p<0,05). There was a statistically significant relationship between β2-AR (rs1042717) polymorphism and stomach cancer (p <0.05). There was a statistically significant relationship between mutant (AA) genotype with wild type (GG) and heterozygous (AG) polymorphic genotypes when evaluated in β2-AR polymorphism gastric cancer patients and control group (χ2: 19,38, p: 0.001). Similarly, there was a statistically significant correlation between heterozygous (AG) with wild type (GG) and mutant (AA) polymorphic genotypes in gastric cancer (χ2: 14, 27, p: 0,001). Conclusions: In this study, it was found that the AG genotype is predominant in gastric cancer patients and controls, and that the AA genotype has a protective effect against gastric cancer.

Murine double minute 2 (MDM2) gene has a critical role on regulation of p53 tumor suppressor pathway. MDM2 is a major negative regulator of p53 function. MDM2 protein regulates p53 function through multiple independent pathways. The present study aims to determine the frequency of MDM2 gene SNP309 (rs2279744) polymorphism in the Turkish population. Method: This study included a total of 301 healthy Turkish individuals (159 females (53.0%) and 141 males (47.0%) between 2014 and 2016. The frequency of T309G MDM2 rs2279744 polymorphism was identified using restriction fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction (RFLP-PCR) method. Results: The mean age of the study population was 49,80±16,4 years (51,97±15,98 years in men and 47,58±16,82 years in women). Genotype frequencies for MDM2 rs2279744 polymorphism were found to be 17.9% TT, 55.2% TG, and 26.9% GG. Conclusions: The present study provides information on the allele and genotype frequency distribution of MDM2 gene rs2279744 polymorphism in the Turkish population, which can be used as a reference parameter for the investigation of susceptibility to various disorders, particularly cancer.

mir146a, a member of the microRNA family, plays an important role in the regulation of many biological pathways such as the regulation and differentiation of hematopoietic cells. The relationship between mir146a polymorphism and gastric, colon, rectum cancers have been investigated in Turkish population. Polymorphism in mir146a gene rs2961920 and rs2910164 have been determined in 212 patients (gastric: 73, colon:76 and rectum:63) and in 77 healthy controls by Real-Time PCR. Findings were evaluated by logistic regression and Khi (χ2) tests. The comparison of gastric, colon and rectum cancer patients and controls determined a statistically significant relationship for alcoholic drink consumption (p0.05). However, there was statistically significant relationship between this polymorphism and gastric cancer in GG+CG and CC genotypes when the gastric cancer patients and control group were evaluated for mir146a rs2910164 polymorphism (χ2: 5,49 p: 0,019). Similarly, there was statistically significant relationship between this polymorphism and gastric cancer in GG+CC and CG genotypes (χ2:5,39, p: 0,020). In this study, it is thought that by investigating the functions of microRNAs and their role in cancer, it may be promising in understanding the molecular pathology of cancer and in developing molecular targeted therapies.

We aimed to analyzed the association between gastric cancer and polymorphism of XPO5 gene. Method: The polymorphism in the XPO5 gene (rs11544382) was determined in 120 individuals (60 gastric cancer patients; 60 healthy controls) using Real-Time PCR method. Results: The comparison of gastric cancer patients and controls revealed a statistically significant relationship for alcoholic drink consumption (p<0.05).The relationship between XPO5 gene (rs11544382) polymorphism and gastric cancer was statistically not significant. There was no a statistically significant relationship between mutant (GG) genotype with both wild type (AA) and heterozygous (AG) polymorphic genotypes when evaluated in XPO5 polymorphism gastric cancer patients and control groups (χ 2 :0.12, p=0.729). The heterozygous (AG) was dominant in gastric cancers patients and control subjects, 93.3 and 91.7% respectively. Conclusions: This study provides information about allele and genotype frequency distribution of XPO5 gene polymorphism (rs11544382) in Turkish At the same time, AG genotype was found to be dominant in gastric cancer patients and their controls.