Background
COVID‐19 due to SARS‐CoV‐2 was first described in the city of Wuhan in China and spread around the world turning into a pandemic. COVID‐19 can affect different organ systems, including the oral mucosa.
Aims
Although cutaneous involvement has been defined in association with COVID‐19, the number of case reports about mucosal involvement by SARS‐CoV‐2 is limited. Hereby, we report a case of hemorrhagic necrosis on the lip in a patient with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) and COVID‐19 infection and briefly discuss its possible mechanism.
Patients
The clinical features and causes of hemorrhagic necrosis on the lip in a woman are presented.
Results
In our patient, we think that PNH‐associated dermal micro‐occlusions caused extensive painful necrosis of the lip. Additionally, COVID‐19‐induced endothelial damage helped to develop exaggerated hemorrhagic necrosis.
Conclusion
This current case presentation will contribute to the literature as another case with COVID‐19 triggering mucosal involvement.
Background
Pediatric allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is increasingly prevalent. Patch testing is the gold‐standard diagnostic method.
Aims
Our study aimed to identify common contact‐sensitizing allergens in Turkish children.
Patients/Methods
We retrospectively analyzed the patch test results and characteristics of 191 pediatric patients [114 (59.7%) females, 77 (40.3%) males], who received the diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis between 2015 and 2019.
Results
The mean age of the patients was 12.2 years (range 4–18 years). Thirty‐six (18.8%) of the patients in the study group had positive patch test outcomes with 56 positive allergens. Girls had a significantly higher rate of total positive patch test results than boys (75%/25%; p = 0.003, p < 0.05). The most frequent four allergens were nickel sulfate (n = 20, 10.4%), cobalt chloride (n = 6, 3.14%), p‐phenylenediamine (n = 5, 2.61%), Methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone (n = 5, 2.61%), respectively.
Conclusions
In our study, we discovered that in addition to the frequently encountered metal allergens such as nickel and cobalt, p‐phenylenediamine and Methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone sensitivities were frequent in the Turkish population. p‐phenylenediamine sensitization can cause serious systemic dermatitis during the lifetime of children. We suggest that in Turkey personal care and hygiene products containing Methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone should be legally regulated. Since childhood contact dermatitis may have an impact on the quality of life by influencing family and social life, suspected allergens should be detected as early as possible.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.