ABSTRACT

Rice agribusiness in Indonesia must be competitive so that food security can be realized. Therefore, it is necessary to improve performance in each subsystem. One of the subsystems that needs to be improved is the downstream subsystem, which is processing grain (drying and rice milling). Snowball sampling technique was applied to select 60 commercial rice mills in three sub-district. Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) was used to estimate technical efficiency and to find the sources of inefficiency of the rice milling business in Cianjur Regency. The results showed that rice mills in study site was ineffecient. Factors that are affecting the technical efficiency of rice milling business in Cianjur Regency are the level of formal education, rice yield, and grain moisture content. Technical efficiency is positively corelated with the gains of rice milling business. Profits can be used for reinvestment (especially in milling machines), so that the efficiency of the rice milling business can be increased. In addition, the rice byproduct industry needs more attention to increase the benefits of the rice milling business.

Talas merupakan komoditas unggulan di Kelurahan Situgede Kota Bogor. Selain sebagai komoditas unggulan, talas juga dikenal sebagai icon Kota Bogor. Sebagai ikon, tentunya pengembangan agribisnis talas perlu dilakukan. KTD Saluyu yang merupakan salah satu kelompok tani yang berperan aktif mengembangkan agribisnis talas di Kelurahan Situgede Kecamatan Bogor Barat Kota Bogor. Anggota kelompok tani perlu bersinergi dengan stakeholder untuk menciptakan inovasi baru terutama dalam hal pengolahan produk talas. Selain itu, KTD Saluyu juga perlu beradaptasi dengan teknologi digital untuk mendukung aktivitas pemasaran produk hasil pertanian maupun hasil olahannya. Kegiatan yang dilaksanakan adalah pendampingan KTD Saluyu untuk proses pengolahan talas menjadi produk jadi yaitu keripik talas, pembuatan brand dan desain packaging produk, serta memasarkan produk yang dihasilkan secara online melalui media sosial dan marketplace. Inovasi produk yang dihasilkan adalah Kripik Talas dan Stik Talas (Rasa Original, Coklat, Keju, dan Balado) yang dapat menghasilkan nilai tambah sebesar 44,29 persen. Inovasi produk ini diberi merek “Caritalas” dipasarkan melalui instagram (caritalas_) dan Shopee (caritalas.id).

The pandemic Covid-19 has impacted global economy, including Indonesia. In response to dealing with the spread of Covid-19 cases, Indonesian government has imposed social restrictions which directly impacts people’s economic activities including food sector. Considering rice as the main food product for most Indonesian people, this study aimed to analyze the transmission of rice prices from the producer level to the consumer level during the Covid-19 pandemic. Price transmission describes the impact of changes in the price of an item at one market level on changes in the price of the item at another market level. The data used is daily time series data from March 2020 to March 2021. The data analyzed using the Vector Autoregressive (VAR) approach. The VAR estimation results show that producer prices and consumer prices do not affect each other. The absence of price transmission between producers and consumers may indicate that government intervention to maintain rice prices during the Covid-19 pandemic has been effective.

In the agricultural sector, the cost production structure determines the income level of the farmers as well as the industry competitiveness in the world market. Considering the position of rice as the main food commodity for Indonesian people, the government has set up a program namely UPSUS PAJALE which delivers subsidies for inputs such as seeds, fertilizer, and agricultural tools. This study aims to describe the paddy farming activities in Demak Regency and to analyze the cost structure of paddy production in the UPSUS PAJALE program in Demak Regency. A survey was conducted in five production centre areas involving 100 farmers. The results showed that modern technology is used in rice farming. Land costs and labour costs dominate the cost structure of rice production. Meanwhile, the total production cost has reached 22.518.314,86 IDR per hectare with the cash cost percentage is 72,17 % and the non-cash cost percentage is 27,83 %.