Berdasarkan hasil observasi di SMP Negeri 2 Dolok Pardamean diketahui bahwa sebagian besar siswa kelas IX mengalami kesulitan dalam memahami konsep matematika khususnya pada materi geometri. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh lembar kerja pembelajaran matematika realistik berbasis etnomatematika konteks Gonrang Sipitu Pitu Simalungun pada materi geometri yang valid, efektif, dan praktis. Metode penelitian dalam pengembangan media pembelajaran ini menggunakan metode Research and Development (R&D). Metode penelitian R&D ini merupakan metode yang digunakan dalam pengembangan produk. Hasil penelitian ini adalah LKS pembelajaran matematika realistik berbasis etnomatematika konteks Gonrang Sipitu pitu simalungun pada materi bangunan ruang tabung. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan model penelitian dan pengembangan ADDIE yang terdiri dari lima tahap, yaitu: analisis (analysis), perancangan (design), pengembangan (development), implementasi (implementation), evaluasi (evaluation). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan Lembar Kerja Siswa (LKS) Matematika Realistik Berbasis Etnomatematika Berkonteks Gonrang sipitu pitu di kelas IX SMPN 2 Dolok Pardamean dapat dikatakan efektif digunakan dalam pembelajaran terbukti dengan meningkatnya hasil belajar siswa secara keseluruhan. hasil.

In general, this study was to determine the application of the quantum teaching-learning method with the discussion method in improving mathematics learning outcomes for seventh-grade students of SMP Negeri 2 Dolok Pardamean, Simalungun Regency. This study used experimental research on grade VII students of SMP Negeri 2 Dolok Pardamean, Simalungun Regency. The research was conducted by taking samples from two classes, namely the experimental class (15 students per class) and the control class (15 students per class). The sample categories were taken from two of four parallel categories that were determined randomly (random category samples). The tool used in this study was a testing technique in the form of empirically verified paper questions. Data analysis used the t-test, first testing for normality and homogeneity. Based on the results of data processing, it was known that the application of the quantum teaching-learning model with the discussion method had a significant effect on increasing mathematics learning outcomes obtained.

This study aims to analyze the ability of self-efficacy using the jigsaw cooperative model, including (1) student self-efficacy after jigsaw cooperative learning and (2) the level of active student activity during the learning process. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. The subjects in this study were 34 students of X-IPA2 N 1 PAGARAN and the object of this research was the students' self-efficacy abilities and active student activities. The instrument used consisted of a self-efficacy questionnaire, student activity observation sheets, and interview guidelines. Data analysis used the Mile and Huberman model. The results showed that the self-efficacy of 34 students obtained high self-efficacy of 26.47%, moderate self-efficacy of 61.76% and low self-efficacy of 11.76%. Overall self-efficacy of students is 73.31 in the medium category. Conclusions, based on the data obtained, students' thinking processes on abilities; 1) The self-efficacy of SMA N 1 PAGARAN students after jigsaw type cooperative learning is good; 2) The overall percentage of active student activities used during teaching and learning activities is within the specified ideal time tolerance interval.   Keywords: active student activity, ability, jigsaw cooperative type, self-efficacy