ABSTRACT
The people of Tengger in Argosari village receive their knowledge of traditional medicine from their ancestors. This traditional knowledge is inherited and subsequently preserved across generations. This ethnobotanical medicinal plant study began with the participation observatory method and interviewed 28 local Tenggerese people who were selected by purposive and snowball sampling. Ethnobotanical data were analyzed to understand the proportion of cited plants. The analysis was calculated to obtain species use-value (SUV), family use-value (FUV), and fidelity level (FL). We have inventoried 16 species of plants belonging to 9 families to treat five types of sexual problems. The result showed that Piper betle L. had the highest SUV (1.21). Zingiberaceae was recorded as the largest family (6 plant species) with high FUV (0.69). Rhizome (47,06%) and leaves (41.18%) are the most dominant parts used as ingredients in traditional medicine. The majority of Argosari villagers prepare medicinal plants by decoction techniques (94.12%), then use them orally (94.12%). Pimpinella pruatjan Molkenb. (purwoceng) that is used for aphrodisiac has the highest FL value (78.57%). So it has the potential to be developed related to its pharmacological effects and the content of its active secondary metabolites. Since P. pruatjan is categorized as rare and protected species, so it requires a policy on its use as raw material for traditional medicines.
Keywords: Ethnobotany, Medicinal plants, Sexual problems, Tengger tribe, Argosari Village.
ABSTRAK
Masyarakat suku Tengger di desa Argosari mendapatkan ilmu pengobatan tradisional dari nenek moyang mereka. Pengetahuan tumbuhan obat ini diwariskan dan selanjutnya dilestarikan dari generasi ke generasi. Pendekatan etnobotani tumbuhan obat ini dimulai dengan metode participation observatory dan mewawancarai 28 masyarakat lokal suku Tengger yang diseleksi secara purposive dan snowball sampling. Analisis data etnobotani digunakan untuk memahami proposi tumbuhan yang tersitasi, yaitu: species use-value (SUV), family use-value (FUV), dan fidelity level (FL). Studi ini telah berhasil menginventarisasi 16 spesies tumbuhan yang termasuk dalam 9 famili untuk pengobatan 5 jenis penyakit permasalahan seksual. Sirih (Piper betle L.) memiliki SUV tertinggi yaitu 1,21, sedangkan Zingiberaceae terdata sebagai famili terbanyak (6 spesies tumbuhan) dengan FUV tertinggi (0,69). Rimpang (47,06%) dan daun (41,18%) merupakan bagian yang dominan digunakan sebagai bahan obat tradisional. Mayoritas masyarakat desa Argosari mempreparasi tumbuhan obat tersebut dengan tehnik dekokta (94,12%), selanjutnya menggunakannya secara oral (94,12%). Pimpinella pruatjan Molkenb. (purwoceng) yang berfungsi sebagai tumbuhan afrodisiak memiliki nilai FL tertinggi (78,57%), sehingga sangat berpotensi dikembangkan terkait efek farmakologis dan kandungan metabolit sekunder aktifnya. P. pruatjan termasuk dalam spesies langka dan dilindungi sehingga memerlukan kebijakan dalam pemanfaatannya sebagai bahan baku ramuan obat tradisional.
Kata kunci: Etnobotani, Tumbuhan obat, Permasalahan seksual, Suku Tengger, Desa Argosari.
