Purpose: The present study was undertaken to investigate diuretic effect of aqueous and methanol extracts of the dried seeds of Lepidium sativum in normal rats. Method: Aqueous and methanol extracts of L. sativum seeds were administered to experimental rats orally at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg p.o. Hydrochlorothiazide (10 mg/kg) was used as positive control in study. The diuretic effect of the extracts was evaluated by measuring urine volume, sodium and potassium content, conductivity and pH. Result: Urine volume was significantly increased by the two doses of aqueous and methanol extracts in comparison to control group. While the excretion of sodium was also increased by both extracts, potassium excretion was only increased by the aqueous extract at a dose of 100 mg/kg. There was no significant change in the conductivity and pH of urine after administration of the L. sativum extracts. The diuretic effect of the extracts was comparable to that of the reference standard (hydrochlorothiazide) and the methanol had the additional advantage of a potassium-conserving effect. Conclusion: We can conclude that aqueous and methanol extracts of L. sativum produced notable diuretic effect which appeared to be comparable to that produced by the reference diuretic HCTZ. The present study provides a quantitative basis for explaining the folkloric use of L. sativum as a diuretic agent in Moroccan population.

in our day-today life. While some are able to take up the pressures of life, others are not able to face it; hence, they end up their lives, making lives miserable for the family members. This study aims to set up a profile of deaths owing to natural or unnatural causes, so that we can direct rigorous efforts to curb their incidence. India is a developing country with increasing industrialization and urbanization. Surat is regarded as having a large industrial zone. The Surat city is a major silk and cotton textile production center. With the outbursting population, increased levels of unemployment, high income disparities, substance abuse, increased vehicular traffic density, meager infrastructure facilities, and various types of morbidities, the number of medicolegal cases is on the increase in number. This is allegedly important for the people following the law and order; those who attend them; and those who are concerned with the etiology, nature of cause, and their documentation. Background: The profiling of medicolegal cases is necessary in order to prevent the preventable casualties in future and to study the genuine crime rate in the area. Nowadays, road traffic accidents cause most of the casualties, which lead to many deaths. Objective: To set up a profile of deaths owing to natural or unnatural causes, so that we can direct rigorous efforts to curb their incidence. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively studied the death cases brought for medicolegal postmortem examination at the Mortuary, Government Medical College, Surat, Gujarat, India, in the year 2012. During this period, a total of 2,166 autopsy cases were conducted. Result: Of the total 2,166 cases, maximum numbers of autopsy cases [213 (9.83%)] were conducted in October. Male cases predominated over the female cases, which were 1,663 (76.77%). The maximum numbers of cases [615 (28.39%)] were in the age group of 21-30 years. Injury-related deaths were more in number [989 (45.66%)] of the total cases. Natural deaths accounted for 469 (21.65%) cases, violent asphyxial deaths were 239 (11.03%) cases, and thermal injury accounted for 272 (12.56%) cases, followed by the poisoning [183 (8.45%)] cases. Conclusion: It is observed that the most common cause of death is road traffic accident, probably owing to higher frequency of transportation. The most common cause of death was vehicular accidents involving head injury.

The aim of the present work is to formulate and evaluate in situ oral topical gels of poorly water soluble drug Bifonazole based on temperature induced systems for the treatment of oral candidiasis. Bifonazole is poorly water soluble and low permeable drug means it's belongs to BCS Class IV. Due to its poor water solubility, it necessary to enhance solubility in water by make complex with Beta- Cyclodextrin (Drug to βCyclo Dextrine ratio is 1:1). After in situ gel preparation done by using Poloxamer (10% and 15%w/w) along with carbopol 934 (0.2 to 1.0% w/w) and Bifonazole – β CD complex (1%w/w). The formulations were evaluated for physiochemical parameter, gelation Temperature, viscosity, gel strength, content uniformity mucoadhesive force, Diffusion Study.

: Neonatal bacterial infection remains a significant cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. CRP parameter can be the indicator to use the proper antibiotic with certain duration. 60 Neonates < 28 days having/suspicious of bacterial infection (septicaemia) were studied. Blood and Urine culture and sensitivity, routine blood examination, chest x-ray, CRP (serum), were studied. Neonates were classified as per the levels of CRP levels <6 as group 1&> 6 as group 2.Clinical features: 48(80%) born by vaginal delivery, 4(66%) had maternal fever >100.4 F, 6(10%) PROM, 23(38.3%) refusal to feeds, 20(33.3%) were lethargic, 12(20%) had poor cry, 7(11.6%) had jaundice, 8(13.3%) had conjunctivitis, 7(11.6%) had vomiting, 4(6.6%) had excessive cry, 3(5%) abdominal distension, 3(5%) hypothermia, 1(1.6%) had fever, 2(3.3%) diarrhoea, 1(1.6%) umbilical Sepsis. The Gram Negative organismsseen in 20(33.3%). In Group A-28 neonates had CRP value <6 and duration of therapy was <3 days. In group B-32 neonates had CRP value >6, 2 neonates treated for 5 days, 17 for 7 days, 13 for 11 days and 26 neonates had positive blood culture. CRP levels plays vital role to evaluate the duration of antibiotic therapy in neonates of suspected bacterial infection.