Abstract. The increasing case of antibiotic resistence has become an important problem to be faced in treating the infection diseases. The diversities of microbia, especially actinomycetes bacteria which originated from rizosphere soil of medicinal plant, has opened a chance for discovering the metabolites which can be used in solving the antibiotic resistant pathogenic bacteria problems. The aim of this research was to isolate the actinobacteria originated from medicinal plant rizosphere of Orthosipon stamineus as the producer of anti-multidrug resistances bacteria compounds. Three isolates of actinomycetes has been isolated from Orthosipon stamineus rhizosphere named KC3-1, KC3-2 and KC3-3. One isolate (KC3-3) showed big activity in inhibiting the test microbes by antagonistic test of actinomycetes isolates against Staphylococcus aureus and Eschericia coli antibiotic resistant bacteria. Furthermore, the KC3-3 isolate was fermented in Starch Nitrate Broth (SNB) medium for 14 days. The supernatant and the biomass of the fermentation yield were separated. The supernatant were extracted using ethyl acetate as the solvent and the biomass were extracted using methanol. The antibacterial activity test of ethyl acetate and methanol extract revealed that the extracts can inhibit the bacteria test up to 5% concentration. The ethyl acetate and methanol extracts can inhibit the bacteria test up to 5% concentration.

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Aims: The aim of this research was to know the species of plant that is used as anti-hematemesis medicine that has the activity of antituberculosis and antituberculosis-MDR and then investigate the phytochemistry characteristics of the compound from every parts of the plant extract that show the activity of antituberculosis and antituberculosis-MDR which is indicated by the value of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of the exctracts. Background: Tuberculosis is one of the transmitted disease that has been claimed as one of the serious health problem in the world that can cause death as reported in WHO in Global Tuberculosis Report 2014. It has been predicted that 9 million of people suffers tuberculosis disease and 1.5 - 2 million people has dead by this disease. Objective: Discovery of antituberculosis and antituberculosis MDR agent from medicinal plant of communtity ethnis in south sulawesimethodThe extraction method used in this research was maceration method. The antituberculosis activity test was investigated using MODS and LJ methods. The isolation of the active compound was carried out using Bioassay Guided Fractination and then the compound characteristics were identified using spectroscopy data. Result: The results showed that extracts from Talas and Kariango plants were active against M. tuberculosis. The FTIR data showed that three isolates obtained from Talas plants contained aliphatic OH and C-O and CH groups. The MIC values of kariango and Talas extracts using the MODS method were 45 mg / ml and 40 mg / ml, respectively. Conclusion: Talas (Collocasia esculenta) tuber and Kariango rhizome ethanolic extract have a potency for antituberculosis and anti-MDR tuberculosis drug.

Hydroid Aglaophenia cupressina Lamouroux is a marine invertebrate animal from living Phylum coelenterata attached to a sponge, rich in chemical compounds such as alkaloids, steroids, terpenoids, histamine which can be used as medicinal ingredients. The aim of this study was to find hydroid extract Aglaophenia cupressina Lamouroux which has cytotoxic properties against Hela tumor cells. The hydroid extract of Aglaophenia cupressina Lamouroux was obtained from multilevel maceration results in accordance with the polar gradient, to obtain chloroform extract, and ethyl acetate extract, and methanol extract. Cytotoxic testing for the three extracts using the MTT ({3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2,5diphenyltetrazodium bromide} method assayed against Hela tumor cells with a concentration of 5 µg/mL, 10 µg/mL, 15 µg/mL, 20 µg/mL, 25 µg/mL, 30 µg/mL. From the results of this study found 3 extracts of hydroids that have IC50 values that differ in toxicity to Hela tumor cells. Chloroform extract has IC50 value = 12.79 µg/mL ethyl acetate extract with IC50 value = 10.52 µg/mL and methanol extract has IC50 value = 14.09 µg/mL, from the three extracts showed very high toxicity to cells. Although ethyl acetate extract showed the highest toxicity among the two other extracts, the IC50 value of the three extracts was ≤ 20 µg/mL in the category of very toxic. Based on these results, it was concluded that extracts from Aglaophenia cupressina Lamouroux hydroids had cytotoxic effects on Hela tumors so that they had the potential to be developed as basic ingredients for anticancer drugs.