No abstract

Fungicide carbendazim is recommended to manage anthracnose of grapes in orchards which is important disease in India. The wild sensitive isolate GA-1 was studied both in vitro and in vivo on grapes. Culturing wild type isolate continuously for five successive passages on carbendazim individually increased resistance significantly. However, reduced resistance was observed when pathogen was cultured alternately or in mixture with different fungicides of amide and conazole groups. Similar type of results was obtained on the grape berries. Use of difenoconazole and myclobutanil alternately and difenoconazole, myclobutanil and propiconazole in mixture appeared to be most useful to break the development of carbendazim resistance in pathogen.

No abstract

The pesticides are known for the control of pests as well as on the other hand these are hazards for human, animal, plants and microbial life. To degrade the pesticides, biodegradation is an efficient method. The Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) which are associated with the rhizosphere of the plant are found to be beneficial for the pesticide degradation in the soil. In the present investigation, these bacteria were used for the pesticide degradation. The effect of pesticide degradation on by PGPR on the growth of cotton variety RCH2 was studied. With the application of PGPR along with pesticide, Malathion the growth of cotton variety was found improved in some cases while as compare to control this growth was slightly less.

The onion, Allium cepa, is an important vegetable crop around the world. Globally, India ranks second in onion production, but yields are often much lower than in many other onion producing countries. This study reports on one major contributing factor to low onion yields in India: the presence of a weedy mimic that is morphologically similar to onion until the onset of flowering. We used morphological and molecular methods to identify this mimic as Asphodelus fistulosus, an exotic weed not previously reported in India. Our study indicated that molecular markers derived from the rbcL and/or matK chloroplast genes in a DNA barcoding approach allow accurate identification of this weed using any tissue and even at early developmental stages. Our results also showed that visual examination of seed lots coupled with DNA barcoding analysis of samples of 5-10 individual seeds can be used to confirm identification. The ability to easily identify contaminating material before and during cultivation can allow farmers to minimise production losses and prevent further spreading of this weed.