No abstract

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the findings of aspiration cytology of lymph nodes in HIV infected subjects in a rural population. STUDY DESIGN: The study was conducted in rural population of field practice area of Kamineni institute of medical sciences (KIMS), Narketpally, Nalgonda. Fine needle aspiration (FNA) was done from different lymph-node site from 50 HIV infected subjects, both air dried and wet smears were prepared. Routine cytology stains and when required special stain were done. Detailed cytomorphological study was conducted. RESULTS: Tuberculus lymphadenitis 28(56%) was most common finding followed by reactive lymphadenitis 14(28%), Granulomatous lymphadenitis 6(12%) and suppurative lymphadenitis 2(4%). No other opportunistic infection or malignancy was seen in our study. CONCLUSION: Tuberculus lymphadenitis is the most common cause of lymphadenopathy in HIV infected individuals followed by reactive lympadenitis. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a very useful tool in early diagnosis of opportunistic infection and in providing appropriate treatment.

Background: To assess seroprevalence of HIV among antenatal women and the extent of utilization of therapeutic interventions to minimize the risk of mother to child transmission. Methods: Pregnant women attending antenatal clinic of a medical college in a rural area of Nalgonda district of Andhra Pradesh, India from August 2006 to July 2009 were tested for HIV by Rapid Test which included pre and post test counseling. Antiretroviral prophylaxis with nevirapine was given to seropositive mother-baby pairs during delivery. Results: Of the 5809 new antenatal booking visits 4848 attended pretest counseling and 4698 accepted HIV testing. Fifty three women were found to be seropositive. Sero-prevalence rate of HIV infection was 1.12%. Ten had opted for pregnancy termination. Out of forty three deliveries four were intrauterine deaths. All the newborns received nevirapine prophylaxis. Conclusions: The seroprevalence of HIV infection among antenatal women is 1.12% which was high as the institute is located in Andhra Pradesh which is a known high prevalence state. Thirty one babies tested after 18 months of age were negative. Nine babies died before they reached 18 months of age. [Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol 2012; 1(1.000): 17-21

Background: Anganwadi centers were providing integrated services comprising supplementary nutrition, immunization, health check-up, and referral services to children below six years of age and expectant and nursing mothers. After more than three decades of implementation, the success of Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) program in tackling maternal and childhood problems still remains a matter of concern. Objectives: To estimate the proportion of pregnant women utilizing various services provided by the anganwadi centre. To assess the association between demographic factors and utilization of anganwadi services by pregnant women. Methods: A cross-sectional study with a sample size of 135 was conducted in three villages attached to a medical college. Pregnant women enrolled in anganwadi the center were included in the study. Data was collected by a predesigned pretested semi-structured questionnaire. Data was presented in proportions, odds ratio with confidence interval, and Chi-square test, Fisher test was applied to find the association between variables by using SPSS ver. 23. Results: The study showed 86.66% utilized supplementary nutrition services, 62.96% received health education, 85.92% took vaccines from anganwadi centre, 40.74% utilized referral services, and 82.22% utilized health checkups services provided by anganwadi centre. Distance from the centre was found to be an important determinant of the utilization of anganwadi services. Conclusions: There is a need to sensitize and motivate beneficiaries to utilize the services offered by anganwadi center.