OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the findings of aspiration cytology of lymph nodes in HIV infected subjects in a rural population. STUDY DESIGN: The study was conducted in rural population of field practice area of Kamineni institute of medical sciences (KIMS), Narketpally, Nalgonda. Fine needle aspiration (FNA) was done from different lymph-node site from 50 HIV infected subjects, both air dried and wet smears were prepared. Routine cytology stains and when required special stain were done. Detailed cytomorphological study was conducted. RESULTS: Tuberculus lymphadenitis 28(56%) was most common finding followed by reactive lymphadenitis 14(28%), Granulomatous lymphadenitis 6(12%) and suppurative lymphadenitis 2(4%). No other opportunistic infection or malignancy was seen in our study. CONCLUSION: Tuberculus lymphadenitis is the most common cause of lymphadenopathy in HIV infected individuals followed by reactive lympadenitis. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a very useful tool in early diagnosis of opportunistic infection and in providing appropriate treatment.

Primary adenocarcinoma of fallopian tube is one of the rarest and accounts for about 1% of all gynecological malignancies. We are presenting this rare case of the primary fallopian tubal carcinoma. A 60-year-old female patient with para 2 visited the Gynecologic and Obstetric Department with the complaints of white discharge and abdominal pain since 4 months duration. Radiological study suggested hydrometra with polypoidal growth in the left adnexa suggestive of malignant lesion. The patient underwent the total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oopherectomy along with the omental resection. On histopathology diagnosed as the primary adenocarcinoma of the fallopian tube and was confirmed by immunohistochemistry with cytokeratin-7 positivity.

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BACKGROUND: Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a safe, faster, costeffective and accurate diagnostic procedure that investigates superficial lumps. It is also a useful technique in diagnosing etiology of lymphadenitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present study was conducted to identify utility of FNAC to study the pattern of pathological conditions detected in lymph nodal swellings of head and neck region among 50 patients belonging to all age groups and both sexes reporting at a tertiary care hospital in rural setup. RESULTS: The cytological finding were correlated with age and sex distribution of the lesions, and cytological diagnosis revealed that tuberculous lymphadenitis was the most common lesion (50%), followed by reactive lymphadenitis (28%) & suppurative lymphadenitis (12%). Histopathological correlation of FNAC lesions of 8 cases was reported. CONCLUSION: The study confirms that FNAC is an accurate, cost effective, and rapid investigative procedure to diagnose lymph nodal swellings of head and neck region with minimal trauma and low complication rate.

Introduction: CD4 is an important prognostic as well as therapeutic marker in the management of HIV and this study identifies the correlation between CD4 counts and FNAC lymphnode (LN) patterns in these patients. Study Design: The study was conducted in the rural areas at Nalgonda district by Kamineni Institute of Medical Sciences, Telangana. Eventhough Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) was done on total 56 selected patients who had lymphadenopathy and were tested HIV positive, only 50 of them have CD4 counts and were selected as final study group. Suspected cytosmears have acid fast staining done by Ziehl Nelson technique. The final cytopathological findings were correlated with CD4 counts. Results: In our study, high CD4 counts were associated with reactive lymphadenitis (26%;13/50) most and Low CD4 counts were associated with less frequent suppurative lymphadenitis and particulary TB lymphadenitis was noticed in 56% (28/50) and morphologically exhibited 4 different patterns-caseous with epitheloid granuloma, only caseous necrosis, only epitheloid granuloma and suppurative. Conclusion: CD4 count correlated well with the different stages of immunosuppression in HIV patients. The patients with reactive lymphadenitis demonstrated high CD4 counts suggesting good immunological response. The low CD4 counts seen in patients with suppurative lymphadenitis and cryptococcal infection suggests severe immuno-compromised state.