Добрачные половые установки девушек в поликультурной среде Психосексуальное благополучие девушек в подростковом и юношеском возрасте-залог полноценной семейно-брачной и сексуальной жизни в будущем. Проведённое исследование позволило выявить различия в добрачных сексуальных установках между девушками осетинской и русской национальностей, проживающих в Республике Северная Осетия-Алания (Россия). Выборку составили учащиеся общеобразовательных школ и студентки г. Владикавказа. Выяснено, что добрачные половые установки осетинских девушек более консервативны по сравнению с русскими. Большинство осетинских респонденток считают недопустимыми добрачные половые отношения и убеждены в отрицательном влиянии подобного опыта на будущую семейно-брачную жизнь. Вместе с тем, установки девушек, проживающих в РСО-Алании, независимо от этнической принадлежности, более консервативны по сравнению со сверстницами из некоторых других регионов России. Следовательно, в Северной Осетии национальные и культурные традиции оказывают значительное влияние на формирование добрачных половых установок и сексуальное поведение девушек. Выявлено, что недостаточно информированные по вопросам пола девушки подросткового возраста отличались пассивностью в половом поведении, консервативными сексуальными установками, более высоким уровнем тревожности и невротизации по сравнению с хорошо информированными респондентками. Ключевые слова: добрачные сексуальные установки, психосексуальное развитие, национальные и культурные традиции, источники информации по сексуальным вопросам, тревожность, невротизация

The article discusses the results of a comparative study of intensity of personality traits that limit the professional and psychological fitness of internal affairs officers and determine the prognosis factors for one's individual development in this field. Within the scope of the study we compared the applicants' parameters of motivational profile, emotional and volitional self-control, personality characteristics as well as their mental faculties. As a result, certain reliably significant traits have been found which limit one's possibilities for effective professional performance. The results obtained in the comparative and factor analysis made it possible to establish a combination of determining factors that limit one's professional and psychological fitness. A factor structure of limiting traits has been revealed, making up more than 60 per cent of total variance. It is represented by low self-control, poor mental faculties, addictive behavior, poorly developed feeling of justice, passive personality orientation, anxiety-depressive disorders and social immaturity of personality.

Objective. Definition of communications of I-images of mothers with He-images of the own children, I-images of the foster mothers with He-images of foster children became the purpose of our research; establishment of communications of I-images of the foster mothers with the child parental relation and interaction. Background. The problem of social and perceptual reflection is current because the number of families with receptions and the sponsored children grows. Quite often adoptive parents aren’t ready to adequate interaction with nonnative children and return them in the system of guardianship, putting to children a severe psychological injury. One of the most important reasons of it is the discrepancy of ideal fixations on need of children for family and real perception of specific children by adoptive parents, rigidity of their attitudes — social installations. In this regard studying mechanisms and regularities of perception of the child in family since how the child is perceived in family, formation of his “Ya-concept”, formation of the personality, the relation with relatives, peers, teachers, with surrounding people directly depends is of particular importance. To minimize emergence of such psychoinjuring situations the in-depth study of mechanisms and regularities of social perception in the replacing families is necessary. Study design. Links between the structures of I-images of mothers and He-images of their native and adoptive children were investigated; links between socio-perceptual images and child-parental attitude (interaction) in foster families. Participants. Sample: 18 women from 29 to 59 years (M=48,05; SD=7,77) with only foster children and 20 women aged 37 to 48 years (M=39,85; SD=3,93) having only their biological children. Measurements. The technique “The structure of the image of a person (hierarchical),” developed by V.L. Sitnikov; two versions of the VRR questionnaire by I.M. Markovskaya, to study the interaction of parents with children and adolescents. Results. I- and He-images are indicators of child-parental relations in foster families. At the replacing mothers the controlling behavior in relation to the child is expressed. And high control can be shown in petty guardianship, persistence, to lead to restrictions and the bans. Conclusions. Reliable connections of socio-perceptual images of members of substitute families and child-parental relations were revealed, proving that these images are indicators of child-parental relations. The images children have similarity on structural characteristics both at foster, and at biological mothers. In representations of the foster mothers when forming an image of the foster child the orientation to the I-concept and ideas of what has to be the child is noted. The foster mothers identify themselves with foster children in the present and the future, more close relations with the foster child seek to establish. In comparison with foster, biological mothers are more open in communication with the children.

The transformation of the Russian society in the recent decades led to a change in the system of values, needs and behavior of young people. In the context of a serious crisis of moral attitudes, the intensification of the global trend towards the aggravation of ethnocultural contradictions, worsening of the demographic situation in Russia, the problems of studying crosscultural characteristics of coping strategies among young men and women acquires prime priority. Knowledge and consideration of age and ethnopsychological factors affecting students' coping strategies are of great importance for interethnic interaction in society. The article describes and analyzes an empirical study of cross-cultural characteristics of coping strategies among young men and women of Russian and Ossetian ethnic groups. The study sample included 216 people aged 18 to 23 years (average age 21.5) living in the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania. The obtained results contribute to the enrichment of scientific ideas related to the influence of cross-cultural, gender, and age factors on the process of forming coping strategies among students. The data obtained can be used as basic principles in the organization of socio-psychological services in multicultural regions, as well as in the development of training programs in stress psychology, personality psychology, ethnic psychology, age psychology, and developmental psychology.

I-, He-images in the minds of young people, living on the territory of the republic of Tuva have been analysed in detail. An approach to the study of socio-perceptual characteristics in the minds of young people in the context of resilient behavior has been proposed, which will be interesting to specialists in the field of social perception, psychology of coping behavior and resilience. Special attention in the article has been paid to the content and structure of socio-perceptive features of images in the minds of young people. It has been proved in the paper that He-concept ensures consistency of ideas about other people, sometimes coordinating heterogeneous information about partners in communication. The authors have traced the knowledge about himself from different sides of human representations – about his volitional, communicative, bodily, material, spiritual, moral and behavioral characteristics, which make up a unique image of himself, form the I-concept of a person.