X-ray spectroscopy with high spectral (up to AA/A = lo-*) and spatial resolution (up to 1 pm) is discussed. Devices based on crystals, diffraction and Bragg-Fresnel elements and their applications in Zand X-pinches and laser plasma experiments are described.

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Emission spectra of multicharged xenon ions produced by a laser gas puff are observed with high spectral resolution in the 8.5-9.5 and 17- wavelength ranges. Three different theoretical methods are employed to obtain 3l- ( to 10) wavelengths and Einstein coefficients for Ni-like . For the 3d-4p transitions, very good agreement is found between the experimental wavelengths and the various theoretical wavelengths. These accurate energy level measurements can be useful for studying the Ni-like xenon x-ray laser scheme. On the other hand, several intense spectral lines could not be identified as 3l- lines of Ni-like xenon, despite the very good agreement between the wavelengths and Einstein coefficients calculated for these transitions using the three different methods.

Measurements and calculations of the resonance between the Ly-a line of magnesium and the 2s~3p transition in neonlike germanium are presented. This resonance is of possible use as part of a resonantly photo-pumped x-ray laser scheme recently proposed which would lase on several 2p~2 s transitions be-0 tween 64 and 89 A in neonlike germanium. Measurements of the resonance are made by three different approaches: one using the electron beam ion trap, the second using laser-produced plasma, and the third on a tokamak. These results are compared with calculations and other measurements.Certain discrepancies are observed with previous measurements which may be due to the partial overlap between oxygenlike and neonlike lines in germanium. The results do show a good resonance between magnesium and germanium, with the germanium line between the two Ly-a components of magnesium but nearer to the short-wavelength component.PACS number(s): 32.30. Rj, 42.60.By