Objective: This study was aimed at assessing efficiency of the original coniferous energy supplement in the diet of cows at the end of the dry period -beginning of lactation -for improving the energy density of diets, enriching them with vitamins and major and minor nutrient elements, improving milk productivity, and maintaining productive health. Methods:The scientific-production experiment was performed on the basis of the "Lukoshkino" unit of the "Klenovo-Chegodaevo" research farm (Moscow) on twenty cows. The preparation was fed at the rate of 150 g for 20 days before calving and for 30 days after calving.Results: Studies have found the positive effect of the preparation on the average daily milk yield, natural fat content increased by 5.4%-6.9% (with butterfat percentage increased by 0.09%), and reduced cost of feed per unit of obtained product. Conclusion:The use of the preparation promoted enzymatic processes in the rumen, had positive effect on the carbohydrate-lipid and protein metabolism, and had no negative effect on the non-specific resistance of cows.

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исПолЬЗование новыХ БиолоГиЧески активныХ веществ в кормлении круПноГо роГатоГо скота девяткин владимир анатольевич, кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, старший научный сотрудник отдела физиологии и биохимии сельскохозяйственных животных романов виктор николаевич, кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отдела физиологии и биохимии сельскохозяйственных животных мишуров алексей владимирович, кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, старший научный сотрудник отдела физиологии и биохимии сельскохозяйственных животных

A b s t r a c tIntroduction of the allele pool of wild species, in particular, Argali (Ovis ammon polii) into the domestic sheep (Ovis aries) of the modern breeds is one of the promising approaches to enhancing genetic diversity and, consequently, biodiversity and nutrient availability. Study of the processes of digestion, assimilation of nutrient substrates in the body and metabolism is the basis for developing the feeding systems for animals of the novel genetic variation. The objective of this survey was to study and metabolism, digestibility, and nutrient requirements of hybrids of Romanov sheep and Argali. The experiments were performed on the wethers fitted with rumen fistulas (Vivarium of the L.K. Ernst Institute for Animal Husbandry, Moscow Province, pos. Dubrovitsy) in 2014-2015. The experimental animals were divided into three groups. Group I (control) included the purebred Romanov sheep (ROM, n = 3), group II included the F 3 hybrids (HYB1, n = 3) from crossing Romanov ewes with F 2 hybrid Romanov ewes and Argali (87.5 % of the Romanov sheep blood and 12.5 % of the Argali blood), and group III included the F 3 hybrids (HYB2, n = 3) from crossing F 2 hybrids Romanov ewes and Argali with the Edilbaj sheep (50 % of the Edilbaj sheep blood, 37.5 % of the Romanov sheep blood, and 12.5 % of the Argali blood). The rumen content and blood samples for the analysis were taken an hour before feeding and in three hours after feeding. The production of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) (using Markham distillation apparatus), the amount of ammonia-N (by the Conway microdiffusion method), amylolytic activity (photometrically), the protozoa and bacteria biomass (by centrifugation) have been measured in rumen. Hemoglobin concentration, red blood cell count and white blood cell count were determined. The levels of total protein, albumin, globulin, urea, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity, glucose, cholesterol were estimated in blood serum. The ruminal fermentation in the hybrid animals, when compared to the purebred animals, was more active; it could be confirmed by the higher total microbial mass in hybrid animals (+37.0 % and +37.3 %, respectively, before feeding; +22,2 % and +33.3 %, respectively, after feeding), the VFA increased concentration (+17.5 % and +26.1 %, respectively, before feeding; +8.7 % and +12.0 %, respectively, after feeding), the increased amylolytic activity in rumen fluid (+10.3 ...+14.0 %), and the decreased ammonia concentrations (8.4…27.7 %). Intensified fermentation caused the better nutrient digestibility and utilization in hybrid animals. The HYB1 sheep, when compared to the control group, were characterized by the better digestibility of dry matter (+7.8 %), organic matter (+5.3 %), crude protein (+6.9 %), crude fat (+3.8 %, p < 0.05), crude fiber (+6.5 %, p < 0.05), and the nitrogen free extractable substances (NFE) (+4.5 %). The nitrogen utilization coefficient in the ROM group comprised 27.9 %, which is 8.9 % and 8.5 % less than that in the...