namely, air temperature in the autumn-winter-spring period. It was established that the largest leaf area on a single plant is formed by spraying plants with the Vuxal Bio Aminoplant growth regulator-3.97 m 2 , which is 36.4% more control after the use of other growth regulators, this indicator is at the highest level pre-sowing processing and reduced with the complex application and separate spraying of crops. The study of the root system showed that the use of growth regulators in the complex ensures the formation of a larger number of roots and their length. This can be explained by the fact that spraying of crops can compensate for the influence of negative environmental factors in the autumn-winter period on the growth and development of winter garlic plants. From the conducted studies it is evident that the use of growth regulators has a positive effect on the increase in the mass of the bulb from 2.6% to 27.1%, depending on the growth regulator. The best indicators are obtained for the application of growth regulators Emistim C, Regoplant, Stimpo in a complex and spraying plants. From the obtained data it is clear that the most significant increase in yield is observed when using plant growth regulators Emistim C, Regoplant, Stimpo, where the increase in yield is 7.2-26.1%. The use of growth regulators reduced the number of nitrates from 4.0% to 18.4%. Less garlic plants accumulated nitrates for the use of growth regulators Vuxal Bio Aminoplant and Emistim C, where this figure was lower than the control by 17.8-18.4 and 13.9-17.4%, respectively, to the variant. So, plant growth regulators have a positive effect on the growth and development of winter garlic, their use significantly increases and improves the structure of the assimilation surface of the plant, increases crop yield, improves the quality, affecting the profitability of production.

No abstract

кандидат сільськогосподарських наук В. Д. Осадчук, кандидат сільськогосподарських наук Буковинська державна сільськогосподарська дослідна станція НААН О. С. Чинчик, доктор сільськогосподарських наук Подільський державний аграрно-технічний університет В. С. Кравченко, кандидат сільськогосподарських наук Уманський національний університет садівництва В статті представлено результати вивчення наростання кореневої маси багаторічних трав в динаміці за перші три роки використання травостоїв. Визначено вплив складу травосумішки та удобрення на рівень накопичення кореневих залишків на бобово-злакових травостоях.

Goal.To highlight the features of the formation of the species composition of the alfalfa-grass mixture, depending on the liming of the soil and the application of phosphorus-potassium fertilizers. Methods. System analysis, field, laboratory, comparative calculation. Results. In the first year of using the herbage during chemical soil reclamation, the alfalfa-grass grass mixture contained 50.4-52.0% of the legume component, without liming - 40.8-42.1%. In the third year of use on the produced plots, alfalfa also dominated the botanical composition of the herbage and occupied 50-53.1%. In areas without chemical soil reclamation, the share of sowing alfalfa has sharply decreased - to 10.5-13.4%. Among the sown cereals in the herbage, tall fescue prevailed. The share of this species grew, reaching a maximum of 41.9-42.4% in the third year of use. The species composition of the herbage significantly changed depending on the mowing. Thus, grasses dominated in the first mowing on non-deoxidized areas, the share of which was 53.9-54.5%, including tall fescue 31.4- 32.2%, timothy grass 15.4-16.8%. The share of alfalfa in the first cut was 25.1-27.3%. Soil liming increased the share of the legume component in the first cut to 46.1-47.4%. The share of grass was also high and amounted to 42.1-42.2%. In the second cut, the proportion of alfalfa increased to 26.1-30.2% in the variants without soil deoxidation and to 65.3-68.0% in the variants with limestone flour. Conclusions.The introduction of limestone flour was the most effective factor in changing the species composition of the studied agrophytocenosis. In the limed areas, the share of alfalfa was high during all three years of grass stand use and amounted to 50.0-59.2%. Of the studied perennial grasses, tall fescue was noted to have high coenotic activity, the dominance of which increased in the second and, especially, the third cuttings.

The article investigated the species composition and dynamics of changes in the contamination of agrophytocenoses of perennial grasses, depending on the composition of the grass mixture and the mode of use of the grass stand. In the crops of perennial grasses, 34 weed species belonging to 12 botanical kind were found in the first three years of use of the grass stand. In the structure of weed infestation of perennial grasses, the species of the Astra kind of weeds dominated, which were represented by stanktis annual, dandelion, yarrow, field thistle.