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A mathematical model of temperature distribution in human dermal part under cooling is discussed in this paper. The skin is assumed to be covered by artificial protective layer which absorbs sweat. The metabolic heat generation rate in subcutaneous part is assumed to be decreasing exponentially. Also the quantitative behavior of blood flow rate due to cooling is considered in this part. Finite element approach based on calculus of variations has been employed to solve the model equations with appropriate considerations regarding parameters.

The paper describes the study of metabolic effect relying on dermal thicknesses of males and females for temperature distribution of the layers of dermal part at various atmospheric temperatures. The study has been carried out for one dimensional steady and unsteady cases using finite element method. Lower percentage of muscle mass and higher percentage of adipose tissue in subcutaneous part of females result lower metabolic rate compared to males. Metabolism is considered as a heat source within the body tissue. The appropriate physical and physiological parameters together with suitable boundary conditions that affect the heat regulations have been incorporated in the model.