We explore the nonlinear mixing and amplification of magnetic polariton modes in ultrasmall waveguides. Ultrasmall waveguide geometries can produce large oscillating microwave fields—up to about 500 Oe. Using these large fields, we examine nonlinear ferromagnetic dynamics in ribbons of Permalloy and Fe. In particular if two microwave signals at different frequencies are sent into the waveguide, we can increase the transmission of one wave by adding energy to the other wave. We also demonstrate the creation of new frequencies and the development of a comb of equally spaced frequencies. These experimental results are explained with perturbation theory and micromagnetics calculations.
We demonstrate an on-wafer liquid crystal phase shifter which has a tunable 0–300°/cm phase shift at 110 GHz. The results show no dispersion over the entire frequency range indicating a tunable “true time delay” of up to 2.5 ps/cm at all frequencies. The inherent losses in the liquid crystal are small, less than 1 dB/cm over the range of 1–110 GHz. The full tunability is achieved using small voltages, close to 10 V. We anticipate that one could achieve a phase shift of 600°/cm at 220 GHz.
We report the development of a broadband ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) system operating in the frequency range from 10 MHz to 70 GHz using a closed-cycle He refrigeration system for measurements of thin films and micron/nano structures. The system is capable of carrying out measurements in frequency and field domain. Using two coplanar waveguides, it is capable of simultaneously measuring two samples in the out of plane and in plane FMR geometries. The system operates in the temperature range of 27-350 K and is sensitive to less than one atomic monolayer of a single crystal Fe film.
The paper describes preparation features of functional composites based on ferrites, such as “Ba(Fe1−xGax)12O19/epoxy,” and the results of studying their systems; namely, the correlation between structure, magnetic properties and electromagnetic absorption characteristics. We demonstrated the strong mutual influence of the chemical compositions of magnetic fillers (Ba(Fe1−xGax)12O19 0.01 < x < 0.1 solid solutions), and the main magnetic (coercivity, magnetization, anisotropy field and the first anisotropy constant) and microwave (resonant frequency and amplitude) characteristics of functional composites with 30 wt.% of hexaferrite. The paper presents a correlation between the chemical compositions of composites and amplitude–frequency characteristics. Increase of Ga-content from x = 0 to 0.1 in Ba(Fe1−xGax)12O19/epoxy composites leads to increase of the resonant frequency from 51 to 54 GHz and absorption amplitude from −1.5 to −10.5 dB/mm. The ability to control the electromagnetic properties in these types of composites opens great prospects for their practical applications due to high absorption efficiency, and lower cost in comparison with pure ceramics oxides.
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