The presented work, devoted to the consideration of existing concepts of logic, is aimed at analyzing the concepts of probability and logic, both separately and in the form of the corresponding integrated structures, taking into account their application in the problems of assessing the reliability and safety indicators of electric power complexes. Logic, as a scientific direction, has long gone beyond the framework of philosophical discourse and today is considered as an effective tool for practical activity in various fields of science and engineering. At the same time, both independent directions of the development of logic and structures in which this concept is integrated with other concepts or becomes the basis for the formation of new effective tools, have found their place. Obviously, logic is not an empirical science. However, the incentives of its development she derives from the practice of real thinking. Changes in the thinking of the end result in a change of logic itself. The latter can, in a sense, serve as a justification for the branching of logic to which it was subjected throughout the entire period of its existence and further development. The analysis of the content essence of the structures constructed as a result of the “fusion” of the concepts of probability and logic from the point of view of their theoretical status and practical application is carried out. The reason for the variability of interpretations of the concepts of probability and logic, their philosophical meaning, objective regularity of the interpenetration of the concept of probabilistic and logical conclusions, the formation on this basis of the theory of fuzzy sets and new engineering tools, which today are increasingly useful in the process of implementing the life cycle of structurally complex technical complexes of long use , in the study of climatic changes and the ecology of the human environment, in establishing the current state and forecasting the directions of further development of social systems and populations of wildlife, and much more.

When designing power facilities, the problem usually arises of comparing their possible options for performance, taking into account consumer quality. A common and easy-to-implement method is the formation of a generalized indicator, however, subjectivity is inherent in it, given this, the task of developing algorithms and methods that objectively consider the quality indicators of an energy object becomes especially urgent. It is argued that, in accordance with the condition for making a decision on the type of the synthesizing function, the main object of uncertainty, respectively, of the quality indicator, which is inherently subjective, is the vector of the significance coefficients of the weight coefficients. The presented algorithms in conditions of uncertainty that allow you to build a generalized quality criterion for energy facilities. For a comprehensive assessment of the quality of energy facilities, it is proposed to use the methods of arbitrary summary indicators, namely: the method of arbitrary summary indicators, the method of priority of private quality indicators and the method of minimizing the deviation of the summary quality indicator. It is proposed to reduce the influence of subjective factors in determining the weight coefficients, it is advisable to use a combination of these methods. For the method of minimizing the deviation of the aggregate indicator, using the principle of objectivity, an algorithm for determining the weight coefficients has been developed, taking into account that in the area of permissible changes in parameters, the value of the criterion will be minimal. Accordingly, to solve the problem of comparing the options for constructing energy facilities, which includes the determination of weight coefficients for the formation of a composite indicator, it is necessary to use the results of expert assessment that are supplemented by calculation methods that will reduce the subjective factor that is inherent in the method of expert assessment.

Electric power complexes today rightfully belong to the category of complex systems that become integral structural elements of the environment. Any electric power complex created by engineers has to satisfy the corresponding needs of a person, because this is what it is created for. From this point of view, the electric power complex should be considered endowed with appropriate consumer properties, which must show stability during the period of its operation, determined by the reliability indicators, which for the electric power complex must be supplemented by the corresponding safety indicators. It is these indicators that make it possible to conclude about the possibility of manifestation of the electric power complex during the operation of its consumer properties in full and without a threat to people and to the environment, that is, they make it possible to make a decision about the possibility and feasibility of operating this electric power complex. The analysis of the essence of the concept of probability as a tool to overcome the incompleteness and inaccuracy of information about the events under study, along with various concepts (interpretations) of probability from the point of view of their theoretical status and practical application in the problems of calculating the reliability and safety indicators of electric power complexes. Analyzed the classical, statistical and axiomatic concepts of probability, revealed the features of each of these concepts, conditions and reservations regarding their application in engineering practice. Reveals the reasons for the discrepancy between the reliability indicators, calculated at the design stage of devices on the basis of reference data on the failure rate of individual components, indicators that are observed during the operation of these devices, as well as the need to be careful with the processing of observation results in cases where such that differ significantly from the majority. It is noted that the limitations associated with statistical probability can be to a greater or lesser extent leveled by using the concept of hyper-random events, but the widespread implementation of this concept is constrained by the lack of an appropriate experimental database. On the basis of the analysis carried out, urgent tasks are formulated related to increasing the efficiency of calculating the reliability and safety indicators of electric power complexes.

The decision to choose the most acceptable alternative of the alternatives proposed by the contractor for the possible development of an engineering object at the pre-design stage of the life cycle of the object means an agreement between the customer and the contractor and the coordination of the technical characteristics and the indicators of the object declared for development corresponding to these characteristics. The specified characteristics and indicators are necessary conditions for the transition to the project stage and for many reasons should be considered as the most important, given the implementation of all subsequent stages of the life cycle of the declared engineering object. At the design stage of any engineering object, various studies are carried out in order to develop mathematical and, if necessary, material models and tools at different levels of integration of the object's components.The developed models become the basis for the implementation of the general process of parameters synthesis for specific components and objects, as well as for further technical support of the life cycle of engineering objects under development.The concept of solving the problem of parametric synthesis of the components of the designed engineering object is presented and is reduced to the necessary procedures for search optimization and provides for multiple numerical implementations of the model function of the component.It is argued that in the case of considering the complex structure of the specified component, the construction is performed taking into account the indicators of physical processes necessary for the formation of its formation, and the model function will be represented by mathematical artifacts that are complex in structure and numerous in format.It is proposed to overcome these difficulties by forming, on the basis, developed where the corresponding physical processes are taken into account, a mathematical model of some mathematical artifact - a secondary mathematical model, which, with a reduction in accuracy acceptable for the purposes of parametric synthesis, will be much simpler given its numerical implementation.

The work is devoted to the consideration of quality management tools in the tasks of synthesis of characteristics and indicators of an engineering object intended for development. The relevance of the research is presented in the coordination of the consumer characteristics of the engineering object proposed for development, the formation of a list of technical characteristics and the establishment of the indicators of the object corresponding to these characteristics; at the same time, on the one hand, it is necessary to meet the requirements of the customer to the greatest extent (mainly related to the process of operation of the object), and on the other hand, to ensure the necessary conditions for the effective and full-fledged organization of works on the creation of the object with mandatory objective assessment of quality. It is asserted that the tools used in the process of synthesis of technical characteristics and technical indicators corresponding to these characteristics must necessarily comply with the provisions of system analysis. Tools that satisfy the specified conditions are quality management tools, a significant part of which, with appropriate modification, can be effectively used to solve the considered synthesis task. In addition, the use of these tools allows you to perform a combination, to solve in parallel the specified tasks of synthesis and formation of the structural and functional scheme of the object, that is, to move to the task of structural synthesis of the engineering object intended for implementation. The purpose of synthesis of the characteristics and indicators of both the object as a whole and its component parts based on agreed consumer properties (consumer quality) is proposed to be the consistent use of quality management tools adapted (modified) in view of the implementation of these procedures, namely a tree diagram; affinity diagrams; matrix diagram. It is noted that the use of the specified tools allows to combine and solve the given tasks of synthesis and formation of structural and functional solutions of objects in parallel, to proceed to the task of structural synthesis of the planned engineering object.