Introduction: Orthodontic treatment often causes inflammatory diseases in the oral cavity. The aim: То іncrease the effectiveness of prevention of inflammatory complications in the provision of orthodontic care to children with dentomaxillary anomalies using nonremovable orthodontic devices on the basis of study of clinical and biochemical parameters. Materials and methods: The study was conducted among 100 patients divided into two groups: control and experimental group 2 (50 patients in each). The control group included healthy children without dento-maxillary anomalies. The second group were children aged 9-15 years with dento-maxillary anomalies which used non-removable (bracket systems) orthodontic devices. The oral fluid was collected at the beginning of the medical application of orthodontic devices (at the first day of treatment in the clinic) and after 3 and 6 months of treatment. The study included the definition of the oral hygiene degree by using the Green-Vermillion index (OHI-S), the modified Fedorov-Volodkin’s and Siness-Loe index, the determination of hydrogen sulfide and total protein levels, the content of nitrogen metabolites in the oral liquid. Results: The use of non-removable orthodontic devices led to signs of inflammation in the oral cavity. This was accompanied by a deterioration of the oral hygiene, increase the total protein, hydrogen sulfide and nitrogen metabolites levels in the oral fluid. Conclusions: Complex accounting is required of keeping oral hygiene in good condition, level determination of total protein, hydrogen sulfide and nitrogen metabolites for the prevention of the development of inflammatory diseases in the provision of orthodontic care.

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The work is devoted to the study of the reactivity of the biochemical composition of saliva in children with SCI, which was used for the treatment of non-removable and removable OA. There was a decrease in the activity of the α-amylase enzyme during orthodontic treatment in both experimental groups: in patients in the experimental group, which used non-removable equipment 3 months after starting treatment at 16.5% and 6 months after starting treatment it was 16%. There was a decrease in the activity of saliva α-amylase after 3 months at 11% and in samples of saliva taken after 6 months at 10% during treatment of patients of the experimental group with removable orthodontic equipment. The total calcium level after 3 months of observation was 15% lower compared to the start of treatment. The phosphorus level was 9% lower at this moment of observation. After 6 months of observation, the trace elements were different from the original ones: calcium was 27% lower, and the level of phosphorus was lower comparing to the baseline by 15%. Treatment of SCI with removable orthodontic equipment impaired the mineral balance: the calcium level after 3 months of observation was lower by 12%, and the level of phosphorus was lower by 6% compared to the beginning of the study. After 6 months of observation, the traced elements differed from the original ones: the level of calcium was 21% lower than the previous values, and the level of phosphorus was lower by 13% compared to the start of treatment. The evaluation of alkaline phosphatase activity in mixed unstimulated saliva using non-removable orthodontic equipment showed that the level of alkaline phosphatase after 3 months of treatment was 3% lower compared to the beginning of treatment, and after 6 months of observation activity of the investigated enzyme was less than the initial by 10%. Treatment of dental anomalies with removable equipment inhibited the enzyme activity: after 3 months of treatment, the activity of alkaline phosphatase was less than 7% compared to the beginning of the study, and after 6 months of observation activity of the investigated enzyme differed from the initial by 20%. The use of non-removable orthodontic equipment led to a significant increase in the activity of IL-1β. Three months after starting the study, IL-1β was 4-fold higher compared to the start of treatment, and after 6 months of treatment, it became 9-fold higher. Treatment of dental abnormalities with removable equipment showed that the activity of IL-1β after 3 months of treatment increased 4-fold, and after 6 months of observation the researched index was different from the initial 9-fold. At the 3rd month of observation in children using non-removable OA, the activity of lysozyme decreased by 21%; reduction of lysozyme activity during the 6th month of treatment constituted 23%. Patients in the experimental group treated with detachable OA observed an increase in lysozyme activity at the 3rd month of observation by 27%, and 6 months after the start of treatment, the activity of lysozyme was less than 29% compared to the data of the 3rd month of the use of non-removable orthodontic equipment it led to a significant increase in the level of anti-inflammatory cytokine: after 3 months of observation was 2.5 times more than at the beginning of treatment, and after 6 months of observation, they differed from the initial in 4 times. Treatment of dental anomalies with removable orthodontic equipment also contributed to an increase in anti-inflammatory cytokine: IL-4 levels were higher after 3 months of treatment compared to baseline data by 1,8, and after 6 months of follow-up, the study figure was in 4 times higher than the previous values. The obtained results of the study of the reactivity of biochemical changes in oral fluid using removable and non-removable OA in children can be used in planning of orthodontic treatment as diagnostic markers for the further selection of tactics and assessment of the oral cavity in children on the background of treatment of JFA by removable and non-removable OA.

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Annotation. Аdentia has a negative effect on the development of the dentition, and the absence of the first molars creates conditions for a progressive decrease in the height of the bite, which does not lend itself to self-regulation and leads to disruption of the functioning of other organs of the dentoalveolar system and the occurrence of complications. Orthodontic closure of dental arch defects restores the integrity of the dentition and improves the functioning of the dentition as a whole. The aim of this work was to study the results of orthodontic treatment of young patients with edentulous permanent teeth using microimplants. According to the results of the treatment of 17 patients with edentulous teeth with the actually developed orthodontic method using microimplants, positive results were obtained regarding molar protraction, which is faster than using the conventional method and the rotation of mesial teeth arising from molar protraction is leveled. Key words: adentia, orthodontic treatment, microimplant.