Among the varieties of barley (Hordeum sativum), barley nutans varieties have the best qualities for food processing according to state standards (GOST) 28672-90. The paper presents the results of cultivation and a comprehensive assessment of technological parameters of grain of zoned barley varieties: Acha, Abalak and Biome obtained in the conditions of the subtaiga-taiga zone of the Irkutsk region. Barley was grown according to the steam predecessor on gray forest soil with a high level of fertility according to the methodology of the state network for testing varieties in the Nizhneudinsky state site of variety testing. Grain quality assessment was carried out according to generally accepted methods in accredited laboratories. It is shown that grain quality is subject to dynamics due to changes in meteorological conditions during the cultivation of barley. In terms of nature, all varieties meet the requirements of GOST 28672-90. Grain Biome is characterized by a higher mass of 1000 grains (more than 50 g), which subsequently affects its cereal qualities. The quality of cereals in all varieties is rated as “excellent”. In terms of uniformity, cereal yield and protein content in grain, the best among the studied varieties was Biome. Thus, the cereal quality of the grain obtained in the region meets the requirements of the processing industry and is determined by the variety.

The content of mineral nitrogen was studied when it was applied at a dose of 60 kg / ha on gray forest soil of heavy particle- size distribution at various levels of phosphorus-potassium nutrition in field experiments with barley. Fertilizer doses were determined by the normative method according to the CINAS method for a planned yield of 3 t / ha. It was shown that the dynamics of nitrate and ammonium nitrogen depended on the moisture regime during the vegetation period. With excessive moisture, nitrate nitrogen, with its initial content of 4-5 mg / kg, is not detected in the arable layer by the middle of the growing season, and with a moisture deficit, less dynamism is noted. It is found in an amount of 5-7 mg / kg by the end of vegetation. The N – NH4 + dynamics turned out to be less pronounced. With an excess of moisture, its content increased to 15.6 mg / kg, and with a deficit, it decreased more than by four times from the maximum during the vegetation. In general, the content of mineral nitrogen in gray forest soil is highly dynamic, which depends on the moisture regime and the nature of its consumption by barley.

Представлены результаты выращивания ячменя сорта Ача в условиях подтаёжно-таёжной зоны Иркутской области при нормах высева 4; 5; 6 и 7 млн. всхожих семян на 1 га. Гидротермические условия периода вегетации по годам оказывают большее влияние на урожай зерна, чем сроки посева и нормы высева. При раннем сроке посева удлиняется вегетационный период ячменя и снижается зависимость урожая зерна от атмосферных осадков. При типичном сроке посева (вторая декада мая) по пару в Присаянье урожай зерна обеспечивается запасами влаги в метровом слое и определяется условиями тепла и влагообеспеченности в первой половине вегетации ячменя. При выборе сроков посева необходимо учитывать запасы влаги в метровом слое, и в случае низких запасов следует приступить к посеву ячменя в максимально ранние сроки, при этом норму высева ячменя по паровому предшественнику следует уменьшить на 30-35% от рекомендованной. При пониженных нормах высева уменьшается конкуренция культурных растений в посевах и создаются условия, позволяющие раскрыть сортовой потенциал двурядного ячменя. За счет увеличения продуктивной кустистости ячменя сорта Ача в среднем за 4 года формируется достаточно высокий продуктивный стеблестой и обеспечивается урожай зерна на уровне 4.7 т/га при раннем сроке посева и 5.0 т/га при типичном для зоны сроке посева.