The article considers both new functional characteristics of known word-forming formants and new derivational formants. In modern Russian speech, there has been discovered such a new phenomenon, as the mobility of borrowed elements which can be qualified as affixes (ап, аут, ин, овер). Well-known formants of Greek and Latin origin have proved to perform new pragmatic-stylistic functions: prefixoids нано-, кибер-, крипто-; suffix -оид. These formants are mostly characteristic of terms, but, as the study showed, they can participate in the creation of expressive derivatives. The article uses the material of neologisms in fiction and media texts to identify new formants: prefixes мега-, нон-, он-, оф-; suffixes -инг, -раст; suffixoids -гейт, -оголик; movable formants ап, аут, ин, овер. The appearance of new formants and new semantic and pragmatic characteristics of the known formants reflects the dynamics of the word-formation system of the Russian language, due to the processes of internationalization, "ameroglobalization" in different languages at the turn of the 20 th – 21 th centuries. Neo-derivatives testify to the specifics of knowledge and experience acquisition with the help of word-formation methods and means relevant for a certain period of time. The results of the study contribute to derivatology, neology, pragmalinguistics and can be useful for lecturers and students of higher educational institutions majoring in "Philology" and "Journalism".

El objetivo planteado en el artículo es revelar el entorno de problemas vinculados al estudio de fenómenos asimétricos en sistemas de derivación de las lenguas tipológicamente diferentes. El objeto directo de la investigación son las correlaciones interlingües de unidades nominativas derivadas y su conjunto. En la investigación se usan los materiales de tres idiomas: el español como lengua de tipo flexivo- analítico, el ruso como flexivo- sintético y el tártaro como aglutinante-analítico. Las causas de la asimetría derivativa interlingüe pueden ser los siguientes: 1) correlación desigual de léxico base y derivado en vocabulario de cada lengua; 2) distinciones sistemático-estructurales entre idiomas de tipos morfológicos diferentes, que se manifiestan en juego individual de medios y modelos derivativos; 3) intensidad diferente de procesos derivativos, desproporción en realización de relaciones de derivación consecutiva y coderivación; 4) carácter específico del mecanismo de conciencia lengual que responde por forma interior de derivado. La asimetría derivativa interlingüe, tanto en lo formal-estructural, como en la semántica, se manifiesta en el sistema de formación de palabras y unidades complejas, una de las cuales es la cadena derivativa. El análisis comparativo de derivados que entran en la cadena derivativa, permite presentar claramente el grado de correspondencia o discorrespondencia estructural de las relaciones derivativas. La asimetría derivativa en idiomas diferentes refleja el carácter específico de procesos de categorización y nominación de medio ambiente. El estudio de relaciones de simetría y asimetría en sistemas derivativos de lenguas estructuralmente diferentes nos permite ahondar en el estudio de los mecanismos internos de estas tres lenguas y su expresión.

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The article describes the phenomenon of consistent derivation of words. The concept "word-forming chain" is used for its description in Russian linguistics. The subject of the study is the word-forming chains of nouns as a methodologically relevant means of language teaching. The purpose of the work is to characterize the structural and semantic properties of word-forming chains in the sphere of Russian nouns and to reveal the ways of their systematization. The presentation and the description of derivative groups forming word-building chains is carried out using the system-structural and functional-semantic methods. The study found that the typology of the substantive word-building chains of the Russian language is based on their system-structural reproducibility. The system is formed by binary and polynomial, linear and annular, complete and incomplete chains, as well as the chains that include monomotivated and poly-motivated derivatives. It is proved that the word-forming chain is one of the ways to cognize the systemic organization of the language word-forming level, the morphemic structure of derived words, the idiomatic nature of their semantics, and the linguocultural specifics of linguistic nomination.The purposeful methodical work on the study of consistent derivation as a language phenomenon promotes an active perception of many lexical and grammatical phenomena, as well as the development of the necessary skills of Russian derivative use in speech practice