New Phenomena in the Sphere of Derivation Formants as Reflection of the Dynamics of the Russian Language Word-Formation System

Abstract

The article considers both new functional characteristics of known word-forming formants and new derivational formants. In modern Russian speech, there has been discovered such a new phenomenon, as the mobility of borrowed elements which can be qualified as affixes (ап, аут, ин, овер). Well-known formants of Greek and Latin origin have proved to perform new pragmatic-stylistic functions: prefixoids нано-, кибер-, крипто-; suffix -оид. These formants are mostly characteristic of terms, but, as the study showed, they can participate in the creation of expressive derivatives. The article uses the material of neologisms in fiction and media texts to identify new formants: prefixes мега-, нон-, он-, оф-; suffixes -инг, -раст; suffixoids -гейт, -оголик; movable formants ап, аут, ин, овер. The appearance of new formants and new semantic and pragmatic characteristics of the known formants reflects the dynamics of the word-formation system of the Russian language, due to the processes of internationalization, "ameroglobalization" in different languages at the turn of the 20 th – 21 th centuries. Neo-derivatives testify to the specifics of knowledge and experience acquisition with the help of word-formation methods and means relevant for a certain period of time. The results of the study contribute to derivatology, neology, pragmalinguistics and can be useful for lecturers and students of higher educational institutions majoring in "Philology" and "Journalism".

The Evaluative Semantics Of Word-Formation Neologisms In The Electronic Media Headlines

“…The group of stylistically marked suffixes also include -shchin(a) with a pronounced connotative component (Lopatin & Ulukhanov, 2016, p. 700). This suffix remains productive in media word- The range of evaluative-labeled formants in the modern Russian language is wide, while its composition is actively replenished (Ratsiburskaya et al, 2020), for example, in modern media wordformation the affixoid -gate is in demand with the meaning 'political scandal caused by any unseemly situation' (Efremova, 2000): Rashageyt kak psikhoz (Rushagate as psychosis) (Nezavisimaya Gazeta, 25.07.2019) -nomination of the scandal related to the foreign policy of Russia; Kriminal'nyy gubernator. In addition to the formants discussed above, the Russian word-formation system contains other evaluatively marked affixes and affixoids that show productivity for the creation of media neologisms, such as: the prefix nedo-(under-) with the semantics of inferiority (nedodeputat -a deputy who does not have the necessary qualities to hold an appointment), the prefixoid lzhe-(false-), prefixes pseudo-, quasiwith the semantics of quasi-statehood (kvazigosudarstvo -quasi-state, lzhevrachi -false doctors, psevdoprofessional -pseudo-professional), the prefixoid narco-with the semantics of drug connection (narkomechta -narco-dream).…”