The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of 2% Cynara scolymus L. extracts in reverse disturbances of collagen metabolism and inflammation in D-galactose induced skin aging model in rats. D-galactose induced aging reproduced in 48 animals of main group, and 12 rats in control group. All animals in main group were randomized for 4 groups: I. aging + saline, II-IV. different manufacturers 2% artichoke extracts (with content of chlorogenic acid < 2.5%) in a dose of intradermal injection 0.13 mg twice at weeks during 4 weeks. Influence of artichoke extracts restored skin relative weight and led to an increase of solubility in neutral salt and acid, and decreased pepsin solubility collagen fraction, restored the hexosamine/collagen (hydroxyproline) ratio and decreased the activity of nuclear transcription factor (NF-kB). Local prolonged treatment with artichoke extracts improved collagen metabolism and attenuated the progression of inflammation in D-galactose induced skin aging model.

Skin aging is multitarget persistence processing that immediately involve hyperproduction of free radicals under influence of intrinsic and extrinsic factors and deterioration in intimal antioxidant defense system. The goal of the study was the evaluation of the anti-oxidant potential of artichoke standartizated extracts, 2%, as a protective strategy against skin age-associated oxidative damage caused by D-galactose (D-gal) in rats. 58 female Wistar rats included in the experimental design. D-gal-induced aging was reproduced in 36 animals of main group, and 12 rats included in control group.  All animals in main group were randomized for 3 groups: I – animals with skin aging reproduced model receive saline, II – animals with skin aging rats receive artichoke extracts (with content of chloroagenic acid 2.0%) in a dose of intradermal injection 0.13 mg/kg and main III group - animals with skin aging receive 1.3 mg/kg artichoke extract twice at weeks during 4 weeks. Influence of artichoke extracts restores skin relative weight and leads to decreasing the rate of generation of superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxidation (LPx), increasing activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and reverse ratio SOD/(catalase+GPx) to the production of H2O2 from superoxide dismutation coupling with the decrease ratio of generated O2-/H2O2. Low-dose of intradermally microinjection of artichoke extracts, 2%, activated the enzymatic link in innate antioxidant defense system in D-gal-induced skin aging model and could be recommended for applications in cosmetics as antiaging mesotherapy.

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A controlled randomized investigation on the experimental model of contrast-agent (iopromide) induced nephropathy (ÑIN) in male rats showed that combined hydratation therapy with NAD + containing cytoprotective and anti-ischemic drug nadcin leads to decrease in the creatinine level and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) in plasma in 72 h after CIN reproduction. A linear positive strong correlation between endothelin (ET-1) level and O 2 generation (r = 0.78, p < 0.001) was observed, while no coupling was found between the production of hydrogen peroxide and ET-1 level (r = 0.13, NS), and also between the ET-1 level and catalase activity (r = 0.41, NS). In contrast to the hydration treatment, the inclusion of nadcin in therapy leads to normalization of the level of ET-1 and ET-1/creatinine ratio in blood, redox-potential NAD/NADH and NADP/NADPH in blood and kidney, inhibits the hyperproduction of free radicals, and activates the blood and renal antioxidant defense systems. Determination of the content of ET-1, ET-1/creatinine ratio, and redox-potential in plasma is recommended for use as early markers of a higher risk of renal dysfunction development during the administration of x-ray contrast agents.

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