Objective: The aims of this study were to know the safety using Hen's eggs-chorioallantoic membrane (HET-CAM) test method and hair growth promoting activity of the ethyl acetate fraction of Nothopanax scutellarium leaves. Methods: Safety test was measured by scoring and categorizing irritation onHET-CAM. Meanwhile, activity test was conducted by applying the hair tonic of the ethylacetate fraction on the back of the rabbits, and the length of hair was measured in the 1 st , 2 nd and 3 rd week.In the 3 rd week, the hair growth was weighed and hair diameter also was measuredusing scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results:The result showed that 0.2 gram of ethyl acetate fraction of N.scutellarium leaves have mild irritation effect, whereas the formulation contained with 0.5% and 1% of fraction increased hair growth and hair diameter. Conclusion: The ethyl acetate fraction of N. scutellarium have mild irritan effect, and the hair tonic demonstrated hair growth promoting activity.

Knee osteoarthritis is a degenerative disease that occurs due to progressive damage of the cartilage knee joint. The severity of the disease can be determined based on the clinical condition and several investigations. This inspection is expensive, so other alternatives are needed. One of the markers of inflammation is the Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) but until now it has not been used to detect the severity of knee OA. This study aims to determine the relationship between the degree of knee OA and NLR. The method: cross-sectional design with medical record data of 75 knee OA patients at Al Fauzan General Hospital, Jakarta. The result: the highest distribution of patients old aged (≥60) years was 53 people (70,7%), 58 women (77.3%), with mild OA degree 45 people (60%), duration of OA history 4 years 74 people (98, 7%) and the highest BMI is obesity, 53 people (70.7%). The NLR values (<2.1) for mild OA were 33 (71.7%) and NLR (>2.1) for severe OA were 17 (58.6%). The significance test with Chi-Square obtained a p-value of 0.018 (< 0.05). Conclusion: there is a significant relationship between the degree of knee OA and NLR.

Gagal ginjal kronik (GGK) memiliki prevalensi yang cukup tinggi di Indonesia. Tatalaksana penyakit GGK stadium V adalah terapi pengganti ginjal, salah satunya adalah terapi hemodialisis. Beberapa komplikasi dapat disebabkan oleh proses hemodialisis. Komplikasi yang paling umum ditemukan adalah hipertensi intradialisis. Saat ini, hipertensi intradialisis masih belum diketahui patofisiologinya secara pasti, namun ada beberapa cara untuk mengatasi hipertensi intradialisis. Salah satunya adalah pemberian obat antihipertensi. Tujuan dari studi ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbandingan penurunan tekanan darah pasien hipertensi intradialisis dengan obat antihipertensi Amlodipin dan Kaptopril. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain potong lintang pada pasien hemodialisis dengan purposive sampling sebagai metode pengambilan sampel. Populasi dari studi ini adalah pasien rawat jalan hemodialisis di RS Bhayangkara Tk. I R. Said Sukanto. Data diambil secara primer melalui pengukuran tekanan darah pasien selama proses hemodialisis. Sebanyak 73 pasien didapatkan sebagai sampel. Hasil penelitian ini adalah Amlodipin memiliki penurunan tekanan darah sebesar 40 mmHg dan Kaptopril sebesar 30 mmHg. Berdasarkan perhitungan tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa Amlodipin memiliki penurunan tekanan darah yang lebih besar dibandingkan dengan Kaptopril.

Abstrak: Kelor (Moringa oleifera L.) adalah tanaman yang memiliki berbagai macam manfaat bagi kesehatan. Manfaat kelor dapat diperoleh dari bagian daun. Salah satu senyawa yang ada di dalam daun kelor dan memiliki manfaat adalah senyawa fenol. Senyawa fenol diuji dari ekstrak daun kelor yang diperoleh dengan menggunakan metode ultrasonik. Metode ultrasonik adalah metode ekstraksi yang dapat menghasilkan ekstrak secara efektif dan efisien. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi konsentrasi bahan: pelarut (1:10, 1:15, dan 1:20) dan lama ekstraksi (10, 20, dan 30 menit) terhadap nilai rendemen dan kadar total fenol dari ekstrak daun kelor. Ekstrak yang diperoleh kemudian ditimbang dan dihitung nilai rendemennya. Setelah itu, ekstrak daun kelor dilakukan uji skrinning fitokimia dan uji kadar total fenol. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, menunjukkan bahwa nilai rendemen tertinggi dari ekstrak daun kelor diperoleh dari rasio bahan: pelarut 1:20 b/v dengan lama ekstraksi 30 menit yaitu sebesar 35,89%. Kemudian hasil kadar total fenol tertinggi diperoleh dari ekstrak etanol daun kelor pada rasio bahan: pelarut 1:20 b/v dengan lama ekstraksi 30 menit yaitu sebesar 25,9 GAE/g.

COVID-19 is caused by a coronavirus and was first identified in Wuhan, China. Clinical symptoms of COVID-19 patients show a significant decrease in lymphocytes. Decreased lymphocyte count is a factor that increases severity in COVID-19 disease. COVID-19 patients who died reported a very low number of lymphocytes compared to COVID-19 patients who recovered. Increasing lymphocytes to normal levels again, especially in the initial phases of infection, is one of the keys to healing COVID-19 patients. The immune system can be used as a strategy for COVID-19 treatment. Still, immunomodulators must be given at the right time at the beginning of infection, with the right dose, not to cause deterioration in the patient. Immunomodulator administration in the final stage can cause severity in COVID-19 disease due to increased cytokine storm. Therefore, Immunodulator screening, which increases lymphocyte counts, is essential for COVID-19 treatment strategies in the initial stage. Lymphocytes are easily isolated from human blood and consist of NK (Natural Killer) cells, T cells (for cell-mediated, adaptive cytotoxic immunity), and B cells (for humoral, antibody-driven adaptive immunity). Lymphocytes can be isolated from the blood and cultured in vitro. Animal intervention studies showed that immunomodulatory substances could be used for immunomodulator screening candidates for COVID-19 in initial stage therapy. Some candidates for active ingredients that can be used as immunomodulators are honey. Honey has been shown to increase mouse T cell proliferation. This systematic review shows that honey can increase lymphocyte proliferation and have an anti-inflammatory function by lowering IL-6 levels in several in vivo studies.