Gallbladder injury proved more frequent in laparoscopic cholecystectomies performed due to acute cholecystitis, while bile spillage increased the incidence of umbilical wound infection, particularly in the presence of remnants of stones, but there was no correlative increase in the incidence of intraabdominal collections or infections.

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Objective: To report the results of a nationwide critical-care course for non-intensivists to increase staff capacity of intensive care units (ICU) during the COVID-19 pandemic in Argentina. Methods: Three academic organizations, with special funding from 55 private companies, developed a short virtual course comprised of web-based videos, virtual tutorials, and a forum chat. Each state assigned scholarships to non-ICU staff from public hospitals. Students received active follow-up for the completion of the course and took a survey upon course completion. Results: After four months, there were 10,123 students registered from 661 hospitals in 328 cities. Of these, 67.8% passed the course, 29.1% were still ongoing and 3.1% were inactive. Most students were female (74.2%) with a median of 37 years old (IQR 31-44). The group was composed of 56.5% nurses, 36.2% physicians, and 7.4% physiotherapists, of whom 48.3% did not have any experience in critical care. Mean overall satisfaction was 4.4/5 (SD 0.9), and 90.7% considered they were able to apply the contents to their practice. Conclusions: This course was effective for rapid training of non-ICU personnel. The assignment strategy, the educational techniques, and the close follow-up led to low dropout and high success rates and satisfaction.

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