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The authors of the article presented a visual technique for programming the yield of potato tubers by using mathematical models of the relationship with the chemical composition of the soil. The content of N-NO3 and P2O5 varied in the range of 14.7-35.0 mg/kg and 37.1-39.0 mg/kg of soil. The increase in the content of these nutrients was accompanied by an increase in the productivity of potato tubers from 1 ha. The results of the study showed that the yield value is closely related to the content of N-NO3 and P2O5 in the soil in the initial phase of crop growth. The verification of the calculation methods showed a forecast error by comparing the actual yield data with the predicted results. The established quantitative indicators with the help of mathematical communication models make it possible to diagnose the value of potato yield and normalize the effect of fertilizers.

A key way of assessing plants' requirements for fertilizers is field experience. It allows you to establish the effectiveness of the fertilizers used in a particular crop, to identify the relationships between the chemical compositions of the soil, plants, crops and to develop a comprehensive method for optimizing the mineral nutrition of plants. On chestnut soils, the effect of doses of nitrogen fertilizers for potatoes in the ratios 1-3:1:1 (N 45 -135 Р 45 К 45 ) was studied. Reliably obtained high increases from nitrogen at a dose of 90 kg A.I./ha concerning the control -4.5 t/ha (14.9%) and to the background 3.1 t / ha (9.8%) . In all cases, the payback ranged from 0.156 to 0.25 c in the control and 0.2-0.4 c in the background (P 1 K 1 ). The studies were carried out to diagnose the need for batteries on typical chestnut soils in the conditions of the Pavlodar region of Northern Kazakhstan. Below is a summary of the assessment of various dosages of nitrogen fertilizers for potatoes on the background of phosphorus-potassium nutrition.

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