Ossifying fibromas are rare, benign, nonaggressive fibro-osseous lesions that manifest in the craniofacial region. Ossifying fibromas are benign tumors of bone, commonly involving the posterior dentate mandible in middle-aged individuals with a female predilection. Clinical manifestations are an asymptomatic expansion of the dentate mandible, with infrequent maxillary lesions. Benign fibro-osseous lesions of the maxilla exhibit similar histopathological findings. Cone-beam computed tomography scan plays an important role in diagnosing and understanding the invasiveness of this lesion. This case report describes an uncommon presentation of ossifying fibroma in the posterior maxilla in an adult male patient. Treatment consisted of surgical excision, and wound healing was uneventful during the one-year postoperative follow-up period.

Peripheral ossifying fibroma (POF) is a localized reactive enlargement of the gingiva often associated with the papilla and originate from underneath the periodontium. POF occurs predominantly in females, especially in the anterior maxillary region of young adults. The histopathological examination provides a confirmatory diagnosis of such lesions due to their heterogeneous clinical and radiographic characteristics. This case report describes an atypical presentation of POF in the anterior mandible in an adult male patient. Treatment consisted of complete surgical excision and gingival curettage resulting in uneventful healing during the postoperative follow-up period.

Condylar fractures of the mandible have been of particular interest to surgeons for decades, as there is a big debate regarding the management option: conservative versus surgical modality. Conservative treatment is the preferred treatment modality for condylar head (diacapitular) fractures. Currently, surgical modality is favored and surgeons are opting for open reduction and internal fixation for diacapitular fractures as it reestablishes the anatomical position of the fragments and disc, and permits immediate functional mobility of the jaw, thereby reducing the chances of occurrence of temporomandibular joint ankylosis. This case series enumerates the pros and cons of open reduction and internal fixation of condylar fractures of the mandible occurring at various levels using a modified retromandibular approach and highlights that this can be considered as one of the treatment options for condylar fractures.

Eagle’s syndrome, a condition associated with the elongation of the styloid process or calcification of the stylohyoid ligament, is clinically characterized by throat and neck pain radiating into the mastoid region. The diagnosis can be made through a thorough history, correct clinical and pathological correlation and radiographic examination. The elongated styloid process can be treated conservatively or surgically. Conservative treatment options include transpharyngeal injections of steroids and lignocaine, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, diazepam, and the application of heat. The surgical management of Eagle's syndrome consists of two major approaches: the transoral and the transcervical approaches. In this paper, we present a comparative study of two cases of classic bilateral elongated styloid process syndrome, treated with transcervical styloidectomy and transoral styloidectomy, their surgical time, intraoperative difficulties and complications, and recovery time. In conclusion, the management of Eagle's syndrome requires a comprehensive approach that includes a thorough preoperative evaluation of the length of the styloid process via imaging and digital palpation. The choice of surgical approach, whether extraoral or transpharyngeal, should be based on factors such as the surgeon's experience and the patient's comorbidities, as well as the length and palpability of the styloid process. Our comparative study of two cases treated with transcervical and transoral styloidectomy demonstrated that the extraoral method offers a direct and well-controlled approach for excessive styloid processes, while the transpharyngeal approach is preferred for cases where the process can be easily identified by palpation. Therefore, proper patient selection and preoperative planning are essential to achieving successful outcomes with minimal complications.

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