Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a disorder of brain which progressively weakens the cognitive function. It is occur due to formation of β-amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and degeneration of cholinergic neurotransmitter. There is no effective treatment capable of slowing down disease progression, current pharmacotherapy for AD only provides symptomatic relief and limited improvement in cognitive functions. Many molecules have been explored that show promising outcomes in AD therapy and can regulate cellular survival through different pathways. Present study involves current directions in the search for novel, potentially effective agents for the treatment of AD, as well as selected promising treatment strategies. These include agents acting upon the β-amyloid, such as vaccines, antibodies and inhibitors or modulators of γ- and β-secretase; agents directed against the tau protein. Current clinical trials with Aβ antibodies (solanezumab, bapineuzumab, and crenezumab) seem to be promising, while vaccines against the tau protein (AADvac1) are now in primary-stage trials. Most phase II clinical trials ending with a positive result do not succeed in phase III, often due to serious side effects or lack of therapeutic efficacy but Abucanumab (marketed as Aduhelm) now approved by USFDA in 2021 for the treatment of AD.

The use of herbal drugs may offer great potential opportunities in the prevention and control of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and Huntington’s disease. Herbal drugs contain multiple pharmacologically active constituents. The relative amounts and the nature of these constituents vary due to diverse factors viz plant source and plant parts, extraction method, local environmental conditions, storage conditions, adulterations, and contamination which might be accidently or intentionally. After administration, they are put through the processes of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion the same as the modern medicines. When handled by the body, they can show combined effect and get interacted with modern drugs due to various factors including similar transport protein interaction, metabolizing cytochrome P450 enzyme, and different transporter mechanisms. Herb drugs can either induce or inhibit CYP450 enzymes. When herbs are combined with the drugs, either they mimic or oppose the effect of drugs. Many studies worldwide indicate the favorable properties of plant extracts or their bioactive compounds against neurodegenerative disorders, but several clinical concerns have appeared regarding the use of these combinations, which could be due to lack of evidence and scientific support for their effectiveness and safety of the patient