Background: Stunting is a very short body state in children that goes beyond the 2 SD deficit below the child population height. Worldwide stunting affects about 162 million children under five. Indonesia is included in 17 countries that have three nutritional problems in children under five: stunting, wasting, and overweight. This study aimed to investigate the determinants of stunting and child development in children under five. Subjects and Method: This was a retrospective cohort study conducted at Mayangan and Jarak Kulon Community Health Centers, Jombang, East Java, in Januari 2018. A total sample of 58 children were selected for this study by fixed exposure sampling. The dependent variables were stunting and child development. The independent variables were birth-length, maternal age, maternal height, maternal education, and family income. The data were collected by questionnaire. Data on birth length was taken from maternal and child record at community health center. The data were analyzed by path analysis model. Results: The likelihood of good child development increased with maternal education (b= 1.08; 95% CI= 0.41 to 1.75; p= 0.001) and decreased with stunting (b= -0.78; 95% CI= -1.46 to -0.10; p=0.025). The risk of stunting decreased with birth-length (b= -0.90; 95% CI= -1.60 to -0.21; p=0.011) and maternal height (b=-0.92; 95% CI= -1.69 to -0.16; p=0.018). The risk of stunting increased with maternal age <20 y.0. or ≥35 y.o. at pregnancy (b= 0.73; 95% CI= -0.03 to 1.46; p=0.051). The likelihood of maternal age <20 y.0. or ≥35 y.o. at pregnancy decreased with higher education (b=-0.75; 95% CI= -1.44 to -0.06; p=0.033). Birth-length increased with maternal height (b= 1.07; 95% CI= 0.28 to 1.86; p= 0.008) and higher family income (b=0.93; 95% CI = 0.29 to 1.57; p=0.004). Birth-length decreased with maternal age <20 y.0. or ≥35 y.o. at pregnancy (b=-0.74; 95% CI= -1.48 to -0.01; p=0.047). Conclusion: The likelihood of good child development increases with maternal education and decreases with stunting. The risk of stunting decreases with birth-length and maternal height, and increases with maternal age <20 y.0. or ≥35 y.o. at pregnancy.

Stunting merupakan masalah kurang gizi yang bersifat kronis yang disebabkan oleh kurangnya asupan gizi dalam waktu yang cukup lama, sehingga mengakibatkan gangguan pertumbuhan pada anak. Di Indonesia pada tahun 2018, 3 dari 10 anak berusia dibawah lima tahun mengalami stunting, sedangkan 1 dari 10 mengalami wasting, seperlima anak usia sekolah dasar dengan obesitas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor yang mempengaruhi stunting pada anak balita usia 0-59 bulan di Kabupaten Jombang. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan teknik pengambilan sampling dengan simple random sampling. Variabel bebas dalam penelitian ini adalah panjang badan lahir, sedangkan variabel terikat yaitu stunting. Penelitian ini menggunakan instrumen berupa kuesioner dengan menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa anak balita dengan panjang badan lahir (≥50 cm) sebanyak 71 balita (78,9%) tidak mengalami stunting sedangkan anak balita dengan panjang badan lahir (<50 cm) sebanyak 39 balita (46,4%) yang mengalami stunting, dari hasil analisi terdapat hubungan antara panjang badan lahir dengan kejadian stunting pada anak balita usia 0-59 bulan dengan nilai p=0,001<0,005. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa anak dengan panjang badan lahir ≥ 50 cm menurunkan angka kejadian stunting pada usia < 2 tahun.

From this research aims to find out return on assets, return on equity and net interest margin that affect simultaneously or in part against the share price on the Indonesia Stock Exchange.This research is a comparative causal data source used from bank aunual reports 2015 to 2019 from the Indonesia Stock Exchange. According to the criteria in this study, the sample is 4 i.e. state-owned banks. To analyze models and test research hypotheses, we used several statistical methods of linear regression analysis.Based on the results of hypothetical research and tests, we can conclude as follows:1) ROA, ROE and NIM have a significant effect on stock returns.2) ROA and ROE ratios, partially affecting stock returns, while NIM ratios have been shown to have no affect.

Background: Stunting is the most prevalent form of child malnutrition worldwide with an estimated 161 million children in 2013. Stunting has been defined as the proportion of children below -2 SD from the WHO length-or height-for-age standards median. Stunting may increase the risk of child mortality and non-communicable diseases. It decreases the cognitive and motor development, reduces performance in schools, and lowers productivity in adulthood. Indonesia ranks fifth highest in the burden of stunted children in the world. However, life course information about the determinants of stunting in Indonesia is lacking. This study aimed to investigate the determinants of stunting and child development in children under five. Subjects and Method: This was a retrospective cohort study conducted at Mayangan and Jarak Kulon Community Health Centers, Jombang, East Java, in Januari 2018. A total sample of 58 children was selected for this study by fixed exposure sampling. The dependent variables were stunting and child development. The independent variables were birth-length, maternal age, maternal height, maternal education, and family income. The data were collected by questionnaire. Data on birth length was taken from maternal and child record at community health center. The data were analyzed by path analysis model. Results: The risk of stunting decreased with birth-length (b= -0.90; 95% CI= -1.60 to -0.21; p= 0.011) and maternal height (b=-0.92; 95% CI= -1.69 to -0.16; p= 0.018). The risk of stunting increased with maternal age <20 years old or ≥35 years old at pregnancy (b= 0.73; 95% CI= -0.03 to 1.46; p= 0.051). The risk of stunting indirectly decreased with high maternal education and high family income. The likelihood of normal child development increased with maternal education (b= 1.08; 95% CI= 0.41 to 1.75; p= 0.001) and decreased with stunting (b= -0.78; 95% CI= -1.46 to -0.10; p= 0.025). Conclusion:The risk of stunting decreases with birth-length and maternal height, and increases with maternal age <20 years old or ≥35 years old at pregnancy. The likelihood of normal child development increases with maternal education and decreases with stunting.

Childbirth is one of the efforts to start the birth process, most of the births involve the birth canal, one part of the birth canal is the perineum. In labor parity also affects the incidence of perineal rupture, in parity or primiparous mothers there is a greater risk of experiencing perineal tears than mothers with multipara parity. This study aims to determine the relationship between maternal parity and the incidence of perineal rupture in normal delivery at PMB Minarti, Amd.Keb. Trawasan Village, Kec. Sumobito Kab. JombangThe research design used in this study is a survey research method with an approachcroos sectional which describes the relationship between maternal parity and the incidence of perineal rupture in normal delivery. Respondents who were given treatment consisted of 18 people who were divided into two. They are primiparas and multiparas. Measuring tool used by direct observation with patients. Research observations using the hypothesis test used in this study areUji Chi SquareWhich counted manually and SPSS with a significant level value of 0.05 (Alpha). The results of the study stated that from the primipara group there were 9 people who experienced perineal rupture, 8 people who did not experience perineal rupture, 1 person. Meanwhile, from the multiparous group, there were 9 people who experienced perineal rupture, 3 people and 6 people who did not experience rupture. Based onuji chi squarein SPSS the result is that x2 count < significant level or 0.016 < 0.05 then HI is accepted, which means that there is a parity relationship with the incidence of perineal rupture in normal delivery. The conclusion from the data above is that there is a relationship between normal delivery between maternal parity and the incidence of perineal rupture at PMB Minarti, Amd.Keb. Therefore, it is recommended for midwives to provide good and professional midwifery care and care for mothers.