Machining as a base technology for the manufacture of precision engineering components has a dominant position. Interaction of machine - tool - work piece has a significant impact on the quality of surface, next to under surface changes of worked material and finally to the total production process. In this work microstructures characteristics of the arising chip are evaluated depending on the defined conditions used for machining. Further basic patterns of the manufacturing process as well as the accompanying effects on the cutting process are clarified. Theory of formation of chip is not nearly closed part of the analytical theory of cutting indicates a possibility of further investigation boundaries of these zones of deformation, the application of mathematical, physical and other methods of examination, verification of modern experimental methods. Thickness of chip was achieved to 50 µm. This micro hardness value was selected to the plastic zones. In area of primary plastic deformation was in range from 256,7 to 264,0 HV 0,1. Area of secondary plastic deformation was higher as primary plastic deformation, it was in range of 289,4 to 357,4 HV 0,1. In plastic deformation area was in range from 261,5 to 278,2 HV 0,1 which is consequence of the action of the outgoing temperature

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