International audienceThe leaves of Dilobeia thouarsii (Roemer and Schulte), a tree that is endemic to Madagascar (Proteaceae), are used in traditional Malagasy medicine to treat bacterial skin infections and wounds. This study investigated the in vitro antibacterial activities of D. thouarsii leaf extracts and identified the bioactive compounds with the aim of providing a scientific basis for its use against skin diseases. Using broth microdilution method for leaf crude extract and its compounds, we investigated inhibition of the growth of Bacillus cereus, Bacillus megaterium, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Vibrio harveyi, Vibrio fisheri, Salmonella Typhimurium, Salmonella antarctica, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The two purified phenolic compounds from leaf ethyl acetate extracts (1, 2) were found to be more active than the crude extract itself. The structure of the two compounds was elucidated by NMR and mass spectrometry: compound 1 was identified as 4-aminophenol and compound 2 as 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde. A marked inhibitory effect (MIC < 0.1 mg/ml) was found against S. aureus, which is a major agent in skin infections. We observed moderate activities (MIC values of between 0.1 and 0.5 mg/ml) for E. faecalis, Vibrio spp., and Bacillus spp. Neither compound was active against Salmonella spp., E. coli and K. pneumoniae (MICs > 1 mg/ml). To conclude, the high antimicrobial activity of D. thouarsii leaf extracts against S. aureus supports its traditional use to treat skin infections
The study of the EtOAc extract of the leaves of Dilobeia thouarsii led to the isolation and identification of seven new diprenylated dihydroxyflavonols named dilobenol A–G (1–7). Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis including UV, IR, 1D and 2D NMR and MS as well as by chemical hydrolysis. The isolated compounds were assessed for their antibacterial, antiplasmodial and cytotoxic activities. They exhibited moderate growth inhibitory activities against Staphylococcus aureus, Vibrio spp., Bacillus spp, and Plasmodium falciparum without significant toxicity against mammalian cell line L‐6.
Les forêts secondaires sont actuellement des composantes importantes de nom- breux paysages forestiers. Dans le Menabe central, au Sud-Ouest de Madagascar, la valorisation des forêts secondaires permet de mieux assurer le maintien des forêts pri- maires qui ont tendance à se raréfier et qui sont actuellement intégrées dans un sys- tème de gestion plus stricte à travers la mise en place d’une aire protégée. Cette étude a été menée pour mieux connaître les utilisations villageoises et les potentialités des forêts secondaires dans la région du Menabe. L’approche socio-économique a permis d’identifier trois types d’utilisations des bois prélevés dans les forêts secon- daires : les constructions permanentes, les constructions légères et les sources d’éner- gie. Trois espèces de forêts secondaires ont été identifiées comme prioritaires dans les choix des villageois : Rhopalocarpus luci- dus, Ziziphus mauritiana et Grewia picta. L’analyse des caractères physico-méca- niques des bois de ces trois espèces a mis en évidence des propriétés technologiques intéressantes, comparables aux quatre espèces de référence devenues rares ou absentes dans leur zone de prélèvement : Hernandia voyroni, Dalbergia spp., Cedre- lopsis grevei, Commiphora mafaiboa. Ces forêts secondaires méritent désormais d’être prises en compte et valorisées dans le cadre des politiques de gestion forestière au niveau national et international pour assurer leur durabilité.
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