The process characteristics of plasma-assisted electrochemical treatment of iron in aluminate electrolyte consisted of aqueous 0.1 M NaAlO 2 ? 0.05 M NaOH have been studied. It has been shown that in the range of DC voltages from 260 to 340 V, it is possible to deposit dense ceramic-like coatings with the thickness increased from 0.3-0.5 lm after 1 min deposition time to 25-30 lm for 1 h of deposition. The coatings were examined by X-ray diffractometry, Fourier-transformed infrared, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and an electrochemical potentiodynamic voltammetry. It is shown that in pre-spark conditions (100-200 V) and on the initial stages of micro-arc anodizing the forming films contain, along with amorphous aluminum oxide/hydroxide, a substantial amount of iron oxide/hydroxide. The coatings obtained by micro-arc anodizing at 260-360 V for 10-60 min represent amorphous aluminum oxide with inclusions of crystalline corundum phase. The films with a thickness of 4-15 lm deposited at the anodizing voltage of 320-360 V exhibited the uniformity and good corrosion protection properties after sealing with common agents.
Розглянуто проблеми вартісної оцінки активів в системі управління дорожньо-транспортною інфраструктурою. Пропонується використання кваліметричної моделі як основи вартісної оцінки активів дорожньо-транспортного комплексу з урахуванням фізичних та функціональних особливостей. Розроблено математичну модель вартісної оцінки активів дорожньо-транспортного комплексу, яка відповідає сучасним вимогам, з можливістю реалізації в інформаційно-управлінській системі Ключові слова: вартість активів, вартісна оцінка, інформаційно-управлінська система, рівень якісного стану, кваліметрія Рассмотрены проблемы стоимостной оценки активов в системе управления дорожно-транспортной инфраструктурой. Предлагается использование квалиметрической модели как основы стоимостной оценки активов дорожно-транспортного комплекса с учетом физических и функциональных особенностей. Разработана математическая модель стоимостной оценки активов дорожно-транспортного комплекса, отвечающая современным требованиям, с возможностью реализации в информационно-управленческой системе Ключевые слова: стоимость активов, стоимостная оценка, информационно-управленческая система, уровень качественного состояния, квалиметрия
This paper describes in detail the characteristics of waste from the coal industry and thermal power plants, namely ash removal. The nature of formation, chemical composition, physical characteristics and ash classification are indicated. The problems of world utilization of technogenic waste of thermal power plants are considered. The main directions of use of the material with obtaining the most positive consequences are indicated. The feasibility of using ash in different fields and the peculiarities of use have been studied. All areas of use are substantiated by the positive qualities that are generated by the application of ash. The expediency of using ash ash is substantiated, which has a positive effect on the saving of materials and the environmental situation. The influence of ash on each of the methods in which it is used is indicated. Problems that arise in parallel with the application of this material are analyzed. The mechanisms of interaction of fly ash with other materials and the consequences that follow from this are indicated. Affected environmental situation and ways to improve it through the use of ash. Based on research and observations, a conclusion is drawn.
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