The addition of dysprosium oxide nanoparticles is shown to improve the critical current in perpendicular magnetic fields for second-generation (2G) wire formed by metal-organic deposition (MOD). Typical enhancements in J c are from 0.17 MA cm −2 to over 0.33 MA cm −2 at 77 K and B perp = 1.5 T. TEM analysis shows that we are introducing (Y, Dy) 2 O 3 nanoparticles with dimensions of 10-50 nm. A simple theoretical analysis shows that the maximum pinning effect for additions is expected at excess concentrations of approximately 70% DyO 1.5 , i.e. for YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7−δ + 0.7DyO 1.5 if the added nanoparticles are randomly dispersed and a strong pinning model is valid. An interesting feature is that the critical current in parallel field is reduced in these samples. We present evidence that shows this may be due to reduced planar defects in the YBCO.

The microstructure of metal-organic deposited YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7−δ with dysprosium (Dy) additions has been investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Dy additions which increase the density of normal-state nanoparticles in the YBCO have been demonstrated to enhance the critical current densities in moderate magnetic fields. The influence of nanoparticles, stacking faults and other planar defects on flux pinning is discussed. We observed a high density of nanoparticles in the size range of 10-50 nm, which may act as flux pinning centres to enhance the critical current density of the material. Stacking faults and planar defects are observed which may also be effective flux pinning centres in YBCO samples with and without Dy addition.

After preparing an all-solid-state copper ion selective electrode (Cu 2+ -ISE) based on PEDOT/PSS conversion layer via electrodeposition, this paper characterizes the morphology and cyclic voltammetry performance of the PEDOT/PSS film, optimizes the deposition time of the PEDOT/PSS film, and tests the reproducibility, selectivity and acid-base resistance of the all-solid-state copper ion selective electrode. The experimental results show that the prepared all-solid-state copper ion selective electrode has a linear response in the range of 1×10 -6 mol•L -1 ~1×10 -2 mol•L -1 , with a response time less than 30 s, and the response slope of 27.8 mV/ decade. The all-solid-state copper ion selective electrode mentioned above can meet the detection standard of national II surface water.