Several studies have found and proved that exposure to Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) magnetic fields can cause the proliferation of cells or bacteria. Meanwhile, bacteria play an essential part in the fermentation process. Thus, this study aims to examine the fermentation process of non-fermented dry cocoa beans using Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) magnetic field exposure. The sample of this study was 30 kg of non-fermented dry cocoa beans divided into 10 sample bags of 3kg each and grouped into 4. The control group (K) consisted of 1 bag while the rest bags were divided into 3 sample bags exposed to an ELF magnetic field with intensities of 100 μT (E-100), 200 μT (E-200), and 300 μT (E-300). ELF magnetic field exposure was carried out at the beginning of the fermentation process with variation in the exposure time of 15 , 45 , and 75 minutes. During the fermentation process, temperature measurements were conducted. Moreover, moisture content measurements were also conducted during the drying process in the sun for up to 3 days. At last, measurements of pH and alcohol content were carried out on dried cocoa beans. The findings showed that there was no significant temperature change (p > 0.05) during the fermentation process. A decrease in the moisture content of cocoa beans during the drying process was proven to be faster in the sample group exposed to the ELF magnetic field compared to those in the control group. The alcohol and pH of dried cocoa beans from the sample group exposed to the ELF magnetic field were significantly higher than those in control (p <0.05). The highest alcohol content was found in the sample group which was exposed to the intensity of the ELF of 200 μT for 45 minutes. Conclusion: Exposure to ELF magnetic fields can increase the fermentation activity of dry cocoa beans. This indicates that exposure to ELF magnetic fields in the fermentation process of cocoa beans might improve the quality of non-fermented dry cocoa beans.
Abstrak-Robot merupakan teknologi yang dapat membantu manusia dalam melakukan suatu kegiatan tertentu Salah satu jenis robot adalah robot lengan. Robot lengan dapat bekerja secara otomatis maupun manual, beberapa teknik yang dapat digunakan untuk memberikan perintah pada robot adalah menggunakan gestur tangan dan jari, untuk melakukan teknik tersebut dapat memanfaatkan mesin vision. Salah satu kelebihan menggunakan mesin vision adalah tidak memerlukan banyak komponen elektronika untuk mengenali gestur tangan atau gerakan jari. Fokus penelitian ini adalah mengimplementasikan kamera untuk mengenali gestur jari operator sehingga mampu memberikan perintah kepada robot. Kamera akan menangkap citra dari jari operator, citra tersebut akan diproses di dalam komputer untuk mendapatkan parameter koordinat piksel ujung jari telunjuk dan piksel bagian bawah kanan dari citra, dan kemudian akan ditentukan sudut yang diperoleh dari kedua koordinat tersebut. Hasil yang didapat adalah robot dapat mengikuti gerakan jari pada sudut antara 30° sampai 150°. Kata kunci: gestur, pengolahan citra, robot lenganAbstract-The Robot is a technology that can help human to do daily activities. One type of robot is an arm robot, arm robot can work automatically, manually, and a combination of both. Some techniques that can be used to give commands to the robot are to use hand and finger gestures, to do the techniques can utilize the vision machine. One of the advantages of using a vision machine is that it does not require many electronic components to recognize hand and finger gestures. The focus of this research is to implement a camera to recognize the operator's finger gestures so that the gesture can give commands to the robot. The camera captures the image of operator's finger, the image is a process inside the computer to obtain the pixel coordinate parameters of the index fingertip and right lower pixel of the image, and then the angle obtained from both coordinates using trigonometric equations. The result is that the robot can follow the movement of the finger when the angle between 30° to 150°.
Kelumpuhan merupakan suatu penyakit yang dapat membatasi mobilitas penderitanya. Salah satu solusi yang dapat membantu penderita kelumpuhan dalam melakukan mobilitasnya yaitu penggunaan kursi roda elektrik. Pada penelitian ini, kursi roda elektrik dengan spesifikasi dimana kontrol gerak kursi roda menggunakan otot pada kedua lengan, sehingga kursi roda elektrik ini sangat cocok digunakan bagi pasien kelumpuhan pada kaki dan lemahnya kekuatan tangan dalam memutar roda dari kursi roda. Input perintah kontrol gerak dilakukan melalui sensor elektromiograf yang terpasang pada otot fleksor dikedua lengan pasien. Output dari masing masing sensor tersebut diberikan threshold sebesar 2 volt untuk membedakan perintah kontrol atau bukan. Ketika output sensor lebih dari sama dengan threshold maka dianggap logika satu dan yang lain dianggap logika nol. Metode yang dilakukan untuk mengartikan output tersebut sebagai perintah kontrol dengan cara deteksi impuls. Gerakan kursi roda elektrik yang dapat dilakukan yaitu maju, belok kanan, dan belok kiri.
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