Diabetes related lower extremity complication increase the risk for amputation which include peripheral neuropathy, peripheral vascular disease, and infection. Peripheral arterial disease is estimated to be 2 to 4 times more common in persons with diabetes than in others. Buerger Allen exercise intended to improve feet, legs circulation and relieve the symptoms in patients with lower limbs arterial insufficiency. Therefore, the aim of the study, evaluate the effect of Burger Allen exercise on lower limb perfusion in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Method and sample, Quasi-experimental research design was conducted in the diabetic and endocrine ward and diabetic foot clinic in Specialized-Medical Hospital, at Mansoura University. The sample of this study composed of 48 adult patients with type 2 Diabetes who attend the diabetic ward and diabetic foot clinic in Specialized-Medical Hospital throughout six months. Patients randomly assigned into two matched groups; study group (group A) and control group (group B). Results, indicates significant improvement into patients lower extremity perfusion by using Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) scale after performance of Buerger Allen exercise and at the same time it helped to improve the vascularity and thus promotes the wound healing process. Conclusion, positive effect of Buerger Allen exercise on diabetic patients lower extremity perfusion.

Objective: Epilepsy is considered one of the most common neurological diseases affecting 65 people worldwide. People with epilepsy are more likely to get injured and die prematurely than the general population. Nurses must acquire professional knowledge related to epilepsy and should strengthen patients to play a more active role in their care to improve their understanding of their diseases. The study aimed to evaluate implementing epilepsy educational guidelines on nurses’ performance and patients’ outcomes.Methods: A quasi-experimental research design was conducted at the Neurology department in Mansoura University Hospital. This study sample is a convenient sample of 28 nurses and a purposive sample of 60 adult patients with epilepsy who attend the neurological department in Mansoura University Hospital.Results: The results indicate a significant improvement in nurses’ knowledge and practice regarding epilepsy. Also, it helped to improve patients’ knowledge and thus promoted epilepsy self-management behaviors in the study group.Conclusions: The designed nursing guidelines have achieved their objectives by improving nurses’ knowledge and practice regarding epileptic patient care, in addition to improving patients’ knowledge and epilepsy self-management scale for the study group compared with the control group.

Background: Cranial nerve testing represents an essential part of neurological examination; it helps to identify neurological conditions and is useful for indicating any abnormal neurological disease processes. Therefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of clinical versus video-assisted teaching methods on nursing students' achievement regarding cranial nerve assessment. Subjects and Method: A quasi-experimental research design has been utilized and conducted on 2 nd level B.Sc. Nursing students at Damietta University. A convenient sample was used in this study, comprised of 70 students, and was classified into two equal groups. Group I used the video-assisted teaching method, and Group II used the clinical teaching method. Two tools have been used in this research: tool I, the structured interviewing questionnaire, which consists of two sections: section 1 to assess demographic data and section II to assess students' knowledge regarding cranial nerve assessment. Tool II, a rubric for cranial nerve assessment, to assess students' competency level during cranial nerve assessment. Results indicated that there was a change in the students' knowledge and competency levels between the pretest and posttest in Group I, which used the video-assisted teaching method; also, a difference was observed between the pretest and posttest in Group II, which used the clinical teaching method. Conclusion: Both clinical and video-assisted teaching methods were effective in improving nursing students' achievement regarding cranial nerve assessment. But the clinical method was slightly more effective than the video-assisted teaching method in improving competency level. Recommendation, Clinical and videoassisted teaching methods are recommended to use for improving students' knowledge and competency level regarding cranial nerve assessment.

Background Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders; affecting about 65 million people worldwide. Patients with epilepsy have higher rates of injury and premature death than the general population. Nurses, who are the first to recognize seizures in patients with epilepsy in the ward environment, must have the required knowledge and skills related to epilepsy to meet the diverse needs of patients and protect them from any injury. Therefore, the aim of the study, was to assess nurses' knowledge and practice regarding epilepsy in Mansoura University Hospital. Methodology, descriptive study research design was conducted at Neurology department in Mansoura University Hospital. Convenient sample of 28 nurses were participated in this study. Results, indicates that almost half of nurses had poor knowledge level and the majority of them had unsatisfactory practical level about epilepsy. Conclusion, there needs to provide nurses with educational guidelines that will enhance nursing knowledge and skills.