Corona Virus Disease-19 (COVID-19) is the virus that causes an epidemic of acute respiratory infections that become a global pandemic in 2020. COVID-19 cases continue to increase, so prevention behavior is needed. Knowledge and attitudes become important domains that can influence a person's behavior. This study aims to determine the relationship between knowledge and attitudes related to COVID-19 prevention behaviors in university students. This study used a cross sectional study design which was conducted from April to May 2020. Students from the faculty of religion at UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta (n = 434) were participated in this study. As many as 51.4% (n = 223) of participants had a positive attitude towards preventing COVID-19. Participants who are well-behaved attitude towards COVID-19 prevention tend to have moderate and high levels of knowledge about COVID-19 and positive attitude (59.7%) towards COVID-19 prevention. The multivariate results showed that levels of knowledge and attitudes were related to COVID-19 prevention behaviors with adjustment for age, sex, and place of residence (p-value < 0.05). We conclude that knowledge and attitudes have an influence on a person's behavior in preventing the transmission of COVID-19. Abstrak Corona Virus Disease-19 (COVID-19) adalah virus penyebab wabah infeksi pernapasan akut yang menjadi pandemi global pada tahun 2020. Kasus COVID-19 terus mengalami peningkatan, sehingga diperlukan adanya perilaku pencegahan. Pengetahuan dan sikap menjadi domain penting yang dapat memengaruhi perilaku seseorang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap terkait COVID-19 dengan perilaku pencegahan COVID-19 pada mahasiswa. Studi ini menggunakan desain studi cross sectional yang dilakukan pada April–Mei 2020. Mahasiswa dari fakultas keagamaan UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta (n=434) adalah partisipan dalam penelitian ini. Sebanyak 51,4% (n=223) partisipan berperilaku positif terhadap pencegahan COVID-19. Partisipan yang berperilaku baik terhadap pencegahan COVID-19 cenderung memiliki tingkat pengetahuan yang sedang dan tinggi tentang COVID-19 dan sikap positif (59,7%) terhadap pencegahan COVID-19. Hasil multivariat menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap berhubungan dengan perilaku pencegahan COVID-19 dengan penyesuaian variabel usia, jenis kelamin, dan tempat tinggal (nilai p-value < 0,05). Kami menyimpulkan bahwa pengetahuan dan sikap memiliki pengaruh pada perilaku seseorang dalam mencegah COVID-19.
ABSTRACT Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a leading cause of death in Indonesia. The prevalence of coronary heart disease shows an increase over time and with increasing age. Coronary Heart Disease has a long developmental period so it can be prevented by modifying lifestyle from an early age. This systematic review aimed to assess the influence of lifestyle on the incidence of CHD among Indonesian adults. Four databases (Google Scholar, Sinta, Pubmed, and Science Direct) were searched for studies with Indonesian participants, published from 2010 to 2020, and outcomes on CHD and its relationship to lifestyle factors. The search was carried out in October-November 2020. Forty-three studies met inclusion criteria, of which 32 studies on smoking, 15 studies on physical activity, 11 studies on diet, and 1 study on alcohol consumption. The results showed that dietary patterns with excessive consumption of carbohydrates and fats increased the risk of CHD, but consumption of vegetables and coffee could potentially lower the risk of CHD. Low physical activity increased the risk of developing CHD. Risks of CHD among smokers were affected by age at initiation of smoking, duration of smoking, number of cigarettes, how to smoke cigarettes, and type of cigarettes. This systematic review concluded that lifestyle factors that increase the risks of CHD among Indonesian adults were dietary patterns high in carbohydrate and fat consumption, low physical activity, and smoking. ABSTRAK Penyakit Jantung Koroner (PJK) merupakan penyakit kronis penyebab kematian nomor satu di Indonesia. Prevalensi PJK menunjukkan peningkatan seiring bertambahnya usia. Penyakit Jantung Koroner memiliki masa perkembangan yang panjang sehingga dapat dicegah dengan memodifikasi gaya hidup sejak dini. Tinjauan sistematis ini bertujuan untuk menilai pengaruh gaya hidup terhadap kejadian PJK pada orang dewasa Indonesia. Empat database (Google Scholar, Sinta, Pubmed, dan Science Direct) digunakan untuk mencari studi dengan peserta Indonesia, diterbitkan dari 2010 hingga 2020, dan hasil pada PJK dan hubungannya dengan faktor gaya hidup. Pencarian dilakukan pada Oktober—November 2020. Empat puluh tiga penelitian memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Jumlah artikel yang digunakan untuk setiap variabel gaya hidup yaitu 32 artikel mengenai merokok, 15 artikel mengani aktivitas fisik, 11 artikel mengenai pola makan, dan 1 artikel mengenai konsumsi alkohol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pola makan dengan konsumsi karbohidrat dan lemak berlebihan meningkatkan risiko PJK. Namun, konsumsi sayur dan kopi berpotensi menurunkan risiko PJK. Aktivitas fisik yang rendah meningkatkan risiko PJK. Risiko PJK pada perokok dipengaruhi oleh usia mulai merokok, lama merokok, jumlah rokok, cara merokok, dan jenis rokok. Tinjauan sistematis ini menyimpulkan bahwa faktor gaya hidup yang meningkatkan risiko PJK pada orang dewasa Indonesia adalah pola makan tinggi konsumsi karbohidrat dan lemak, aktivitas fisik rendah, dan merokok. [Penel Gizi Makan 2021, 44(1):45-58]
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