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Objective: To determine the correlation between body mass index (BMI) and lipid profile in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) attending a tertiary care hospital in Peshawar. Methods: A total of 305 patients (men, 132; women, 173) with T2DM visiting an Outpatient department in Northwest General Hospital and Research Centre, Peshawar from January 2016 to July 2016 were included in this study. The whole blood and sera were analyzed for Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TGs), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C).The correlation of BMI with lipid ratios and individual lipid indices were analysed. Results: Mean of BMI was 29.29±5.23. Dyslipidemia; increased TC, increased LDL-C, increased triglyceride and decreased HDL-C were noted in 40.7%, 54.1%, 69.5% and 41% respectively. The mean difference of LDL-C (p=0.006) was significant between male and female. BMI, TC, TGs, and LDL-C showed no significant correlation where as a significant negative correlation between BMI and HDL-C was observed(r=-0.125, p=0.029, R2=0.016). The mean values of TC, TG, LDL-C, TC/ HDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C ratios were greater in patients with normal BMI compared to overweight and obese; however, the differences were not significant. HDL-C differed significantly in BMI groups (p=0.040). Conclusion: A significant negative correlation between BMI and HDL-C was observed, while the correlation between BMI and LDL-C was observed to be insignificant. HDL-C was found significantly higher in patients with normal BMI. These results are important to indicate that there is modest impact of BMI on lipid profile. Therefore, assessment and management for altered blood lipids should not be based on a patient’s body weight or BMI. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.3.7 How to cite this:Hussain A, Ali I, Kaleem WA, Yasmeen F. Correlation between Body Mass Index and Lipid Profile in patients with Type 2 Diabetes attending a tertiary care hospital in Peshawar. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(3):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.3.7 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Two new 14-membered cyclopeptide alkaloids, Oxyphylline B (4) and Oxyphylline C (5), along with three known 13-membered cyclopeptide alkaloids, were isolated from stem and roots of Zizyphus oxyphylla Edgew. The compounds were tested for antibacterial activity. Oxyphylline B (4) showed comparatively better antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli (MIC, 5 μg/mL) than other compounds. This compound also exhibited weak antimicrobial activities against Staphylococcus aureus (MIC, 25 μg/mL), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MIC, 50 μg/mL) and Salmonella typhi (MIC, 50 μg/mL).

A study was conducted to identify constituents that might be responsible for analgesic and antiinflammatory conditions. Tasumatrol B, 1,13-diacetyl-10-deacetylbaccatin III (10-DAD) and 4-deacetylbaccatin III (4-DAB) were isolated from the bark extract of Taxus wallichiana Zucc. All the compounds were assessed for analgesic and antiinflammatory activities using an acetic acid-induced writhing model, a hot-plate test, a carrageenan-induced paw oedema model, a cotton-pellet oedema model and in vitro lipoxygenase inhibitory assay. All the compounds, especially tasumatrol B, revealed significant analgesic activity in comparison to a saline group based on an acetic acid-induced model. Similarly all of the test compounds, particularly tasumatrol B, showed significant antiinflammatory activity. However, all the compounds failed to exhibit any considerable activity in of the hot-plate test and the in vitro lipoxygenase inhibitory assay. This study has highlighted the potential of tasumatrol B to be further explored as a new lead compound for the management of pain and inflammation, one that has been discovered by scientific validation of the traditional medicinal use of T. wallichiana Zucc.