Emerging studies have shed light on the association between Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection and cardiometabolic risk. However, there is no evidence to support a causal link for the relationship in the general population. Our aim was to determine whether HP infection is associated with the risks of incident type II diabetes mellitus (DM) in a population-based cohort consisting of adults from the general population. A total of 69235 adults enrolled in the study obtained health examinations at the Tri-Service General Hospital in Taiwan from 2010 to 2016. HP infection detection was performed by rapid urease tests (RUTs), and endoscopic examinations were used to diagnose gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), gastric ulcers (GUs) and duodenal ulcers (DUs). Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses were performed to examine the association between HP infection and cardiometabolic diseases using logistic regression and Cox regression in a large population-based study. HP infection was significantly associated with the presence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) (OR = 1.26, 95%CI: 1.00–1.57) and DM (OR = 1.59, 95%CI: 1.17–2.17) only in male subjects, and abnormal endoscopic findings were also correlated with cardiometabolic diseases. Our findings demonstrated that participants with HP infection had an elevated risk of developing incident DM (HR = 1.54, 95%CI: 1.11–2.13). In addition, endoscopic findings of a DU (HR = 1.63, 95%CI: 1.02–2.63), rather than GERD or a GU, were also predictive of incident DM. In this cohort, HP infection was a statistically significant predictor of incident DM among male population.

The most important issue for the clinical application of sarcopenic obesity is the lack of a consensus definition. The aim of this study was to determine the best measurement for sarcopenic obesity by estimating the association between various definitions and the risk of falls and metabolic syndrome. We studied a community of 765 adults aged 65 and older in 2015-2017. Sarcopenia obesity was measured by sarcopenia (defined by low muscle mass with either low handgrip strength or low gait speed or both) plus obesity (defined by waist circumference, body fat percentage, and BMI). Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the National Cholesterol Education Program ATP III. Logistic regression models were constructed to examine the relationships between sarcopenia obesity and risk of fall and metabolic syndrome. In the analysis of the fall risk with sarcopenic obesity defined by waist circumference, the participants with nonsarcopenia/nonobesity were treated as the reference group. The odds ratio to fall in participants with sarcopenic obesity was 10.16 (95% CI, 2.71-38.13) after adjusting for confounding covariates. In the analysis of the risk of metabolic syndrome between participants with individual components of sarcopenia coupled with obesity defined by waist circumference, the risk was statistically significant for low gait speed (OR: 7.19; 95% 3.61-14.30) and low grip strength (OR: 9.19; 95% CI: 5.00-16.91). A combination of low grip strength and abdominal obesity for identifying sarcopenic obesity may be a more precise and practical method for predicting target populations with unfavorable health risks, such as falls risk and metabolic syndrome.

Background A return to work (RTW) is a challenge for survivors of oral cancer. Further light could be shed on the RTW of patients with oral cancer, which remains largely uninvestigated. The objective of this study was to investigate the trajectories of RTW and their impact on survival in workers with oral cancer. Methods In total, 12,222 workers who were newly diagnosed with oral cancer were identified during the period from 2004 to 2015 and were included in this cohort study. The associations between independent variables and RTW were analyzed using Cox proportional hazard models. Results Overall, 8793 workers returned to work in the first years after a diagnosis of oral cancer. Chemotherapy (hazard ratio [HR], 0.88; 95% CI, 0.78‐0.99) and radiation therapy (HR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.75‐0.92) were inversely associated with RTW. Patients who had received surgical treatment (HR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.01‐1.53) were more likely to RTW. Employees with stage I (HR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.47‐1.87), stage II (HR, 1.52; 95% CI, 1.35‐1.72), and stage III (HR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.16‐1.51) disease were associated with an increased likelihood of RTW in the fifth year after diagnosis. Kaplan‐Meier survival analysis demonstrated better survival for the RTW group versus the non‐RTW group in patients with stage III and IV oral cancer (P < .001). The fully adjusted HR indicated that the RTW group had significantly better outcomes than the non‐RTW group in all‐cause mortality (P < .001; HR, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.33‐0.39). Conclusions Sociodemographic and medical factors affect the RTW of cancer survivors. RTW may have a beneficial effect on survival of patients with oral cancer.