O estudo investigou empresas argentinas para conhecer os determinantes da estrutura de capital em relação às Teorias Trade-Off e Pecking Order. Com abordagem quantitativa utilizou-se de pesquisa bibliográfica, documental, exploratória e explicativa. O período foi de 2007 a 2016 analisando relatórios financeiros de 103 empresas argentinas, extraídos do banco de dados Economática. As ferramentas estatísticas foram: análise descritiva; correlação de Pearson; VIF; regressão de dados em painel (F de Chow; Hausman; LM de Breusch-Pagan). Percebe-se que empresas argentinas têm maiores endividamentos total, curto prazo e oneroso de curto prazo. Possuem altas médias em tangibilidade, retorno do ativo, imposto de renda, economia fiscal e volatilidade do lucro. O endividamento de curto prazo em empresas argentinas foi destaque com poderes explicativos 80,2%. A liquidez corrente foi destaque sendo significante em todos os endividamentos. A tangibilidade não foi significante em endividamentos de longo prazo e nos onerosos de curto e longo prazos em empresas argentinas. Sugerem-se em futuras pesquisas outras variáveis de endividamento e de seus determinantes, além da velocidade de ajuste do endividamento.
This study investigates the determinants of capital structure, using multiple regression technique data for a sample of 723 companies from various sectors of the Brazilian economy between 2005 and 2014 in order to determine the relative importance of the factors specific company. The theory of pecking order provides the existence of a hierarchy in the use of funding sources, while the trade-off theory considers the existence of a target capital structure that would be pursued by the company. Twelve financial variables were used in which five were dependent (related to indebtedness) and seven independent variables (explanatory of the determinants of capital structure). These were: a) indebtedness: Total Indebtedness; Short-term debt; Long-term debt; Costly Financial debt Short-term; and Financial Debt Costly Long-term; b) Determinants of Capital Structure: Current liquidity; Tangibility; Return on assets; Return to Investors; Payment level of income tax; Sales Growth; and Asset Growth. The main results of this study as a contribution were: a) positive relationships in asset tangibility and negative for asset returns; b) the current ratio is negatively related with the debt indicators; c) the return to investors could not confirm their relationship with debt indicators; d) growth of assets is positively related to short-term debt and negatively related to the indebtedness of short and long onerous financial terms; e) sales growth is negatively related to the debt indicators; f) the level of income tax payment showed a positive relationship with the short-term debt, it is not possible to compare it to other levels of indebtedness.
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