Aims:The aim of this study was to isolate and identify a cellulolytic bacterium from the rumen fluid of Aceh’s cattle. Biodegradation by cellulolytic rumen bacteria can be used as a source of cellulolytic bacteria that act to degrade feed fibrous material so as to improve the quality of nutrients and digestibility of feed ingredients at a cheaper price than the use of commercial cellulase enzymes.Materials and Methods:Samples were collected from rumen fluid of Aceh’s cattle in Abattoirs (RPH) of Banda Aceh city, Indonesia, isolation, and screening of cellulolytic bacteria were done in Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia.Results:The S1 isolates showed ±2.5 cm of clear zone diameter. Microscopically, this strain was found to be a Gram-negative, Bacillus. Homology and phylogenetic tree analysis of 16S rRNA showed that S1 isolate has 91% of sequence similarity with that of Enterobacter cloacae. 91% sequence homology shown in this study proved that the S1 isolate is probably either a new species or another genus of Enterobacteriaceae.Conclusion:Current study suggests that cellulose hydrolytic bacteria isolated from rumen fluid of Aceh cattle on Bushnell Haas medium-carboxymethylcellulose agar, and some potent cellulose degrading bacteria have been identified.

Aim: This study aimed to isolate and identify lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in wild Sumatran orangutans to provide more information about LAB diversity derived from Sumatran orangutan feces. Materials and Methods: Fecal sampling from three female orangutans, around 35 years old, was carried out in the wild forest areas at the research station of Suaq Belimbing Gunung Leuser National Park located in the South Aceh district. Orangutan fecal samples were taken in the morning when the orangutans first defecated. The orangutans were above the tree, which is approximately 12-15 m from the ground where feces were found. Results: Fermentation testing using the API 50 CHL Kit showed that OUL4 isolates were identified as Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis with an identity value of 73.5%. Homology analysis demonstrated that the OUL4 isolates have 93% similarity to Weissella cibaria, and phylogenetic trees constructed using Mega 7.0 also showed that OUL4 isolates are related to W. cibaria. Conclusion: These results show that there is a difference in identification between biochemical testing with API kits and molecular analyses on LAB isolates from wild Sumatran orangutans. Based on 16S rRNA gene homology, the OUL4 LAB isolates from wild Sumatran orangutans have 93% homology to W. cibaria.

The purpose of this study was to characterize the bacterial 16S rRNA gene of Sumatran orangutan (Pongo abelii) Bukittinggi West Sumatera zoo. The sample used in this study are lactic acid bacteria of the Sumatran orangutan (Pongo abelii) derived from zoo Bukittinggi West Sumatra Indonesia. This study was an exploratory study that conducted at the Laboratory through several stages. The first stage was the isolation of LAB from faeces of Sumatran orangutans using MRS agar medium and then cultured in a liquid medium NB. The next stage was the isolation of total DNA, and then, the third stage was the amplification of the 16S rRNA gene and agarose gel electrophoresis. Then,in the fourth stage of determining the DNA sequence and analysis of DNA sequence homology. The final stage was the computational analysis of 16S rRNA gene Sumatran orangutan (Pongo abelii). The results showed that lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from the Sumatran orangutan (Pongo abelii) is close to lactic acid bacteria Lactobacillus helveticus strain IMAU50151 with the levelof similarity of 89%. It is possible that these bacteria is a new species or the species that LAB has not been reported in Genbank.

This study aims to determine the effect of forest bee honey on changes in male sex of sword platy fish (Xiphophorus helleri). The benefits of this study were to determine the appropriate dose of honey for changes in male sex and how the survival rate of sword platy fish larvae was. This study was conducted using a completely randomized design (CRD) with five treatments and three replications, namely Treatment A: Control (Ordinary Feed), Treatment B: Dosage of 3 ml of honey mixed into 100 g of feed, Treatment C: Dosage of 4 ml of honey which is mixed into 100 g of feed, Treatment D : Dosage of 5 ml of honey mixed into 100 g of feed, Treatment E : Dose of 6 ml of honey mixed into 100 g of feed. The results showed that mixing honey into feed gave a significantly different effect on the percentage of male sex ratio where Fcount > Ftable (5.15 > 3.48). Where the best dose is found in treatment E: 6 ml of honey mixed into 100 g of feed with a percentage of 66.05%. While the lowest percentage value is in treatment A (Control) with a total percentage of 40.79%. For the survival rate, mixing honey into the feed had no effect between all treatments. The percentage of survival rates is still in the range above 50%. The range of water quality values ​​is the temperature ranges from 26.55-27.52 0C, pH ranges from 7.02-7.06 and dissolved oxygen ranges from 5.13-5.31 ppm.