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The <em>Cladonia</em>-Scotch pine forest is a community seriously endangered by man's influence. Secondary succession in the <em>Cladonio-Pinetum</em> habitat is discussed and four stages of succession are distinguished. These are correlated with the succession of cryptogamous plants, mainly lichens, on decaying pine stumps and on pine trunks. The effects of the most common methods in forest management on the floristic composition, the phytocenotic structure and the biomass of the <em>Cladonio-Pinetum</em> herb and moss-lichen layers have been investigated. The include mineral fertilization, introduction of underbrush, grazing and litter-raking. These methods are shown to have on adverse effect on lichen growth. Also presented is an analysis of the lichen flora and the characteristics of the more important plant communities containing lichens in the north-western part to the Bory Tucholskie woodland (northern Poland).

Four zones of lichen occurrence have been distinguished in Gdańsk, Sopot and Gdynia (N Poland). They are: 1) a total lichen desert zone, 2) a relative lichen desert zone, 3) a stunted growth zone, 4) a normal growth zone. Four groups of indicator species have been distinguished — they enable one to identify and characterize the lichen growth zones and the boundaries between them. Changes in the boundaries of the lichen growth zones have been predicted on the basis of the results of this study. 269 lichen species have been recorded from the study area, of which 183 have been discovered or refound during the present survey.

The paper contains a list of 195 lichen species collected in the central part of Western Pomerania (northern Poland).