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Simple RGC' consists of a collection of ImageJ plugins to assist researchers investigating retinal ganglion cell (RGC) injury models in addition to helping assess the effectiveness of treatments. The first plugin named 'RGC Counter' accurately calculates the total number of RGCs from retinal wholemount images. The second plugin named 'RGC Transduction' measures the co-localisation between two channels making it possible to determine the transduction efficiencies of viral vectors and transgene expression levels. The third plugin named 'RGC Batch' is a batch image processor to deliver fast analysis of large groups of microscope images. These ImageJ plugins make analysis of RGCs in retinal wholemounts quick, consistent, and less prone to unconscious bias by the investigator. The plugins are freely available from the ImageJ update site https:// sites.imagej.net/Sonjoonho/.

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Palmitic acid-1-C13 and tripalmitin-carboxyl C14 dissolved in olive oil were administered orally to previously fasted rats. The animals were sacrificed at 1, 2 and 3 hours after the administration of the doubly labeled lipid and the lipids were recovered separately from the stomachs and small intestines. The presence of each isotope in the lipid-fed and in that recovered was measured. The intestinal lipids showed a marked decrease in the excess of C13. The C14 label was considerably reduced in specific activity, but not to a comparable extent. The data appear best explained by a combined process of selective absorption of the free fatty acids and dilution with endogenous lipids. When C13- and C14-labeled palmitic acids were administered to an animal to determine whether any isotope effect might influence the results, a decrease in isotope content was observed; however, no change occurred in the ratio of the two isotopes.