A extensão universitária frente ao isolamento social imposto pela COVID-19 University extension front of the social isolation imposed by COVID-19

BACKGROUND: Snails of the genus Biomphalaria are intermediate hosts of Schistosoma mansoni, the main etiological agent of schistosomiasis mansoni, which affects about 236.6 million people in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. The World Health Organization recommends the population control of vector snails as one of the strategies to reduce the prevalence and incidence of schistosomiasis. In this study, molluscicidal and antiparasitic activities of plumbagin, a naturally sourced naphthoquinone with a range of biological effects, were evaluated against B. glabrata and cercariae of S. mansoni. RESULTS:After 24 h of exposure, plumbagin demonstrated molluscicidal activity at low concentrations against embryos (LC 50 of 0.56, 0.93, 0.68, 0.51 and 0.74 ∼g mL −1 for the blastula, gastrula, trochophore, veliger and hippo stage, respectively) and adult snails (LC 50 of 3.56 ∼g mL −1 ). There were no changes in exposed snails' fecundity or fertility; however, plumbagin was able to increase the frequency of DNA damage and the number of hemocytes, with apoptosis and binucleation being the main hemocyte alterations. In addition, plumbagin showed death of S. mansoni cercariae in the concentration of 1.5 ∼g mL −1 in 60 min, while showing moderate toxicity to Artemia salina.CONCLUSION: Plumbagin proved to be a promising substance for the control of B. glabrata population, intermediate host of S. mansoni, as well as the cercariae, infective stage for humans (definitive host), while being moderately toxic to A. salina, a crustacean widely used in ecotoxicity tests.

Objetivo: Construir conhecimento sobre Trichomonas vaginalis/tricomoníase junto à universitários do sexo masculino das áreas de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Tecnologia e Geociências e Informática da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Metodologia: Extensão universitária realizada através da Educação em Saúde nos semestres 2017-2019. Foi montado stand com painéis sobre T. vaginalis/tricomoníase e com auxílio de bancadas expostos folders, cartilhas, preservativos, lubrificantes íntimo e material de laboratório para diagnóstico da tricomoníase. Sessenta extensionistas, estudantes de graduação das Ciências Biológicas, Saúde e Médica, atuaram na transmissão e construção do conhecimento. Resultado: As ações educativas alcançaram 3.162 estudantes com idade média entre 19,65-23,05 anos de idade. O diálogo foi consolidado, mas no início alguns demonstraram timidez e no geral, declararam não conhecer às formas de transmissão e tratamento, importância epidemiológica do sexo masculino na manutenção da tricomoníase, além dos agravos à saúde masculina. Nas ações cerca de 3.500 folders sobre T. vaginalis/tricomoníase e 15.000 folhetos/cartilhas sobre HIV/AIDS, sífilis e hepatites virais, além de 25.000 preservativos peniano, 2.000 preservativos vaginal e 40.000 sachês de lubrificante íntimo, foram distribuídos. Conclusão: As ações contribuíram no processo educativo participativo, onde os universitários do sexo masculino atuaram como sujeitos reflexivos e ativos na construção do conhecimento sobre o T. vaginalis/tricomoníase e na conquista da autonomia na adoção de prevenção, levando à sustentabilidade da vida sexual saudável e segura. A Universidade é locu estratégico para promover ações inovadoras e transformadoras em Educação em Saúde que favoreçam a formação dos seus estudantes, bem como seu vínculo com a sociedade.

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The COVID-19 pandemic has caused numerous social, health and educational problems. Social media began to contain an excessive amount of information about the new coronavirus, making it difficult for people to find material from reliable sources. Therefore, a space was created to build knowledge and clarify doubts about SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19, in addition to developing discussions on educational, technological tools and scientific advances in the search for clarifications and solutions for the confrontation of the current pandemic. The actions were carried out in the virtual space of Instagram, using the lives features, which were broadcast on the @morfotecnologiaufpe profile and took place on Wednesdays at 20 pm and lasting 60 min. The discussions were conducted by mediators, professors from the PPGM-UFPE, and one or two invited experts on each topic addressed. Viewers were able to follow the mediator-guest interaction in real time, in addition to being protagonists of the dialogue through comments and questions. The discussions developed stimulated critical thinking, combating misinformation and valuing science and technology in dealing with health problems. It also corroborates the reorganization of extensionist practices, which are of paramount importance to guarantee the articulation between the university and the community, in the construction of knowledge and in the academic improvement of students and professors. The experience highlighted that the use of social media is an effective tool in health education actions, as it enables accessibility to knowledge through the resources of an Information Technology Platform.