We have developed small‐sized low‐temperature p‐Si TFT‐LCDs. Gate and data driving circuits have been integrated by p‐type LTPS TFTs. The driving scheme is similar to conventional CMOS driver circuits. Low power consumption has been achieved by integrating level shifters on glass substrates. The panels have high pixel density, compactness, and high picture performance and the power consumption is acceptable for commercial products.

To investigate the effect of the powder synthesis atmosphere on the characteristics of iron nano powder in a plasma arc discharge process, the hydrogen volume fraction in the powder synthesis atmosphere was changed from 10 to 50 %. The particle size, phase structure, and magnetic property of the synthesized iron powder were studied using FE-TEM, XRD, XPS, and a vibration sample magnetometer at room temperature. The particle size increased simultaneously with the increase in the hydrogen volume fraction, and the particle size ranged from about 20 to 100 nm with the change in the hydrogen volume fraction from 10 to 50 %. The synthesized iron powder particles had a two-layered shell-core structure composed of D-Fe in the core, Fe3O4 in the inner shell, and FeO(OH) in the outer shell. The thickness of the oxide shells decreased with increasing hydrogen volume fraction in the powder synthesis atmosphere.

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Novel a-Si p-i-n solar cells with “delta-doped (δ-doped)” p-layers were shown to enhance the hole concentration of the p-layers. A high photoconductivity of 1 ×10-4 Scm-1 (AM1, 100 mWcm-2) was obtained using a δ-doped p-layer. The existence of δ-deped boron layers was confirmed by cross-sectional TEM (transmission electron microscope) observations. A conversion efficiency of 11.5% was obtained for glass/TCO/p-i-n/Al solar cells with δ-doped p-layers. The photovoltaic characteristics of δ-doped p-layer solar cells exhibited a high open-circuit voltage of over 0.9 V, which is higher than that of solar cells with a conventional a-SiC p-layer. We furthermore investigated the stability of solar cells with δ-doped p-layers.

In this paper, the requirements for LCD-TV application will be reviewed. The key factors for LCD TV for large-sized panels and high image quality with prices competitive compared to that of CRT and PDP TV will be reviewed.